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Arm Flashcards

1
Q

Contents of shallow triangular depression:
-Median nerve
-Biceps
-Radial nerve (deep & superficial)
-Deep veins & arteries
-Terminal part of brachial artery and terminal branches, radial & ulnar artery

A

Cubital fossa

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2
Q

Posterior bony ring composed of:
-scapula
-clavicle

Anterior bony ring composed of:
-sternum
-manubrium

A

Pectoral girdle

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3
Q

Deltoid cervical region
Pectoral cervical region
Scapular cervical region
Lateral cervical region

A

Shoulder

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4
Q

Deltoid cervical region
Pectoral cervical region
Scapular cervical region
Lateral cervical region

A

Shoulder

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5
Q

Part of clavicle articulating with the manubrium

A

Sternoclavicular joint

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6
Q

Part of clavicle articulating with the acromion of the scapula

A

Acromioclavicular joint

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7
Q

Covering rib 2-7

A

Scapula

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8
Q

At head of scapula

A

Glenoid cavity

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9
Q

-Shallow
-Concave
-Oval Fossa

A

Glenoid cavity

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10
Q

Distal end :
-Trochlea
-capitulum
-olecranon
-coronoid
-radial fossae

A

Condyle of humerus

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11
Q

-A lateral capitulum articulating with the head of the radius
-medial trochlea for articulation with the trochlear notch of the ulna

A

2 Articular surfaces

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12
Q

Superior to the trochlea anteriorly and receives the coronoid process of the ulna during full flexion of the elbow

A

Coronoid fossa

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13
Q

Posteriorly it accommodates the olecranon of the ulna during extension of the elbow

A

Olecranon fossa

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14
Q

Accommodates the edge of the head of the radius when the elbow is fully flexed

A

Radial fossa

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15
Q

Flexor muscle paralysis resulting in weak flexion of elbow and supination of forearm and loss of sensation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve injury

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16
Q

Distal Radius fracture is the most common of the forearm from forced dorsiflexion of hand and ulnar styloid process is avulsed

A

Colles fracture

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17
Q

Shaft fracture from direct blow

A

Transverse fractures

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18
Q

Fracture to distal part of humerus near supraepicondylar ridges

A

Supracondylar fracture

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19
Q

Fracture to distal part of humerus near supraepicondylar ridges

A

Supracondylar fracture

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20
Q

A posterior angulation occurs in the forearm proximal to wrist and the normal anterior curvature of the relaxed hand due to tilt of distal fragment of radius

A

Dinner fork deformity

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21
Q

Hold scapula to thoracic wall so other muscles can use it for as a fix bone for the humorous

A

Serratus anterior

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22
Q

The thoracic nerve is damaged and the medial border and inferior angle of the the scapula pull markedly away from the posterior thoracic wall. No abduction above horizontal position due to lack of Glenoid cavity superiorly

A

Winged scapula

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23
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A

Glenohumeral joint

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24
Q

C5 & C6

A

Superior trunk

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25
Q

C7

A

Middle trunk

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26
Q

C8 & T1

A

Inferior trunk

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27
Q

Superior trunk injury with neck and shoulder cause limb hanging by the side in medial rotation

A

Waiter’s tip position

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28
Q

Flexors:
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis (pierced) c5 c6 c7

Anterior Middle & Superior trunk

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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29
Q

Extensor & supinator:
Brachioradialis (elbow)
Triceps brachii c6 c7 c8
Posterior division of 3 trunks
Descends inferolaterally with the profunda brachii artery and curves around the humeral shaft in the radial groove

A

Radial nerve

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30
Q

So long to pinky here comes the thumb

A

Scaphoid lunate triquetrium pisiform hamate capitate trapezoid trapezium

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31
Q

Anterior flexor

A

Anterior division

32
Q

Posterior flexor

A

Posterior division

33
Q

Landmark for brachial plexus cord names
Formed by the basilic & brachial vein (both have valves

A

Axillary artery

34
Q

Broad band passing from the lesser to greater tubercle and converts the intertubercular groove into a canal for the tendon of the long head of the biceps

A

Transverse humeral ligament

35
Q

Triangular membranous band running from the biceps tendon across the cubital fossa and merges with the antebrachial fascia covering the flexor muscles in the medial side of the forearm

A

Bicipital aponeurosis

36
Q

Radial c7 c8 T1

37
Q

Main supply of arm and is the continuation of axillary artery.
Breaks into radial & ulnar arteries at the cubital fossa

A

Brachial artery

38
Q

Pofunda brachii artery
Superior & inferior ulnar collateral arteries

A

Main branches of the brachial artery

39
Q

-Supply articular branches to the elbow joint with the median (c8 & T1)
-Passes posteriorly to the medial epicondyle of the humerus to enter the forearm

A

Ulnar nerve

40
Q

Paralysis of triceps, brachioradialis, supinator, and extensor muscles of the wrist and fingers and loss of sensation

A

Superior radial nerve injury

41
Q

Triceps are partially paralyzed on medial head while the other posterior muscles are never paralyzed (wrist and metacarpophalangeal joint drop due to unopposed tonus of flexion)

A

Radial groove radial nerve injury

42
Q

Innervate Flexors & pronators of forearm with ulnar nerve (anterior medial & lateral cord)

A

Median nerve

43
Q

Thickening of the antebrachial fascia of flexor muscles

A

Flexor retinaculum & palmar carpal ligament

44
Q

Origin via flexor tendon to medial epicondyle:
Pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Superficial muscle layer

45
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis (metacarpophalangeal & wrist joints)

A

Intermediate layer

46
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus (metacarpophalangeal & wrist joints)
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus

The only layer not crossing the elbow joint

A

Deep layer

47
Q

Prime mover of pronation (median nerve c8 T1)

A

Pronator quadratus

48
Q

Extensor digitorum
Extensor indicis
Extensor digiti minimi (posterior interosseous nerve c7 c8 continuation of radial)

A

Muscles extending medial 4 digits

49
Q

Snuff box housing radial artery:
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus

A

Muscles extending or abducting thumb

50
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Muscles extending & abducting or adducting hand or wrist

51
Q

-Prevents bowstringing of the tendons when the hand is extended at the wrist joint
-synovial tendon sheath pass over dorsum to reduce friction for the tendons

A

Extensor retinaculum

52
Q

Extensor tendon attaching to Lateral epicondyle:

ECRB
EDM
ECU
Extensor digitorum

A

4 superficial extensors

53
Q

Where the proximal attachment of the brachioradialis & ECRL superficial extensors

A

Lateral supraepicondylar ridge

54
Q

Major branch of median nerve between heads of Pronator teres and deep to FDS

A

Anterior interosseous nerve

55
Q

Pierces the supinator then winds around the lateral aspect of the neck of the radius and enters the posterior compartment to form posterior interosseous nerve

A

Deep branch of radial nerve

56
Q

Between FCR & APL

A

Pulsation of radial artery

57
Q

Lateral side of FCU

A

Pulsation of ulnar artery

58
Q

Levator scapular & rhombus

A

Deep posterior axioappendicular muscles

59
Q

Assist the deltoid in the 1st 15 degrees of abduction of the arm

A

Supraspinatus

60
Q

C5 c6

A

Axillary nerve

61
Q

The pyramidal compartment inferior to the glenohumeral joint present in fully abducted shoulder joint and provides vessel pathway to upper limb

62
Q

The only branch of the 1st part Axillary artery has bordering the median border of pectoralis minor lateral of 1st rib

A

Superior thoracic artery

63
Q

Posterior to pectoralis minor diverge to thoracoacromial & lateral thoracic artery

A

2nd part of Axillary

64
Q

Extends from the lateral border of the pectoralis minor to the inferior border of the teres minor and has 3 branches

A

3rd part of Axillary

65
Q

Largest branch of the Axillary artery. Opposite of the artery, the anterior circumflex humeral artery & posterior circumflex humeral artery arise

A

Subscapular artery

66
Q

Formed by the union of the accompanying brachial veins & the basilic vein at the inferior border of the teres major. Becomes the subclavian vein at 1st rib

A

Axillary vein

67
Q

Receive lymph from the other Axillary lymph nodes and drain into supraclavicular nodes and then into the subclavian lymphatic trunk

A

Apical lymph nodes

68
Q

Where subclavian drains on the right side

A

Right lymphatic duct

69
Q

Where the subclavian drains on the left side

A

Thoracic duct

70
Q

A gap where the subclavian artery and brachial plexus passes through

A

Anterior and middle scalene muscles

71
Q

Dorsal scapular nerve,
long thoracic nerve,
suprascapular nerve,
nerve to subclavius

A

4 branches of supraclavicular part

72
Q

Ventral aspect of limb bud, simple segment arrangement

A

5th week of development

73
Q

-Short intrinsic / interosseous muscles of hand affected by injured inferior trunk (c8 & T1) ulnar nerve in distal forearm
-unopposed action of the extensors & FDP

74
Q

Rare injury to inferior parts of brachial plexus c8-t1
-this is claw hand

A

Klumpke paralysis

75
Q

Injury to superior branch c5-c6

A

Erb-Duchenne palsy

76
Q

upper arm with:
-adducted shoulder
-medially rotated arm
-extended elbow
Erb-Duchenne palsy

A

Waiter’s tip position on

Muscle (4 decks)

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