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GMAT Math > Arithmetic > Flashcards

Arithmetic Flashcards

1
Q

Irrational numbers

A

Square root of any number that is not a perfect square

Pic is irrational, decimals go forever and constantly changing

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2
Q

Rational number

A

A number that can be represented by the quotient of two integers

Examples

5 = 5/1
.325 = 325/1000
1/3

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3
Q

An even plus and even equals an

A

Even

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4
Q

An odd plus an odd equals an

A

Even

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5
Q

An odd plus an even equals an

A

Odd

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6
Q

An even minus and even equals an

A

Even

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7
Q

An odd minus an odd equals an

A

Even

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8
Q

An odd minus an even equals an

A

Odd

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9
Q

An even minus and odd equals an

A

Odd

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10
Q

An even times an even equals an

A

Even

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11
Q

An odd times an odd equals an

A

Odd

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12
Q

An odd times an even equals an

A

Even

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13
Q

Order of operations

A 
Parentheses
Exponents 
Multiplication
Division 
Addition
Subtraction
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14
Q

Prime numbers

A

Have only two divisors, themselves and one

2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37,41,43,47,53,59,61,67,71,73,79,83,89,97,101,103,107,109

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15
Q

Divisor

A

The number you divide by

Dividend / Divisor = Quotient

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16
Q

Greatest common divisor

A

The greatest common divisor (gcd) of two or more integers, when at least one of them is not zero, is the largest positive integer that divides the numbers without a remainder. For example, the GCD of 8 and 12 is 4.

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17
Q

Multiple

A

A multiple is the product of any quantity and an integer. In other words, for the quantities a and b, we say that b is a multiple of a if b = na for some integer n, which is called the multiplier or coefficient. If a is not zero, this is equivalent to saying that b/a is an integer with no remainder.

If b is a multiple of a then b/a equals an integer with no remainder

18
Q

Greatest common factor

A

To find either the Least Common Multiple (LCM) or Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of two numbers, you always start out the same way: you find the prime factorizations of the two numbers. Then you put the factors into a nice neat grid of rows and columns, and compare and contrast and take what you need.

19
Q

Least common multiple

A

It is the smallest number that is a factor of both numbers

The least common multiple has to be divisible by both numbers with a resulting integer

http://www.purplemath.com/modules/lcm_gcf.htm

20
Q

A number is evenly divisible by 2 if

A

It’s units digit is divisible by 2

21
Q

A number is divisible by 3 if

A

The sum of its digits is divisible by 3

22
Q

A number is evenly divisible by 4 if

A

The number made by the tens and units digit is divisible by 4

23
Q

A number is evenly divisible by 5 if

A

It’s units digit is a 0 or a 5

24
Q

A number is evenly divisible by 6 if

A

It’s divisible by both 2 and 3

25
Q

A number is evenly divisible by 9 if

A

The sum of its digits is divisible by 9

26
Q

A number is evenly divisible by 10 if

A

It’s unit digit is a 0

27
Q

Consecutive integers

A

Integers that follow consecutively

59
Q

Comparing two positive fractions by

A

Cross multiplying the denominators into the opposite numerator and comparing. The aide with the larger number is greater

If the numerators are the same, the smaller denominator is a larger number

60
Q

Decimal Places

A

Each place in a decimal is worth ten times more than the place to its immediate right

61
Q

Adding and subtracting decimals

A

Align the decimals and add

62
Q

Multiplying decimals

A

Multiply as normal and then place decimal the number of digits equivalent to what is to the right of the decimal

63
Q

Dividing decimals

A

Make divisor a whole number by moving the decimal to the right, then move the decimal of the dividend the same amount

64
Q

Part =

A

Percent + Whole

65
Q

Percent =

A

Part / Whole

66
Q

Whole

A

Part / Percent

67
Q

% increase =

A

New amount - old amount / old amount x 100

68
Q

% decrease =

A

Original - new amount / original amount x 100

69
Q

Original price =

A

New price / 100% - % markdown

70
Q

Original price =

A

New price / 100% + % markup

71
Q

Inverse proportions

A

Flip one of the ratios and solve for the missing variable

72
Q

Averaging consecutive integers

A

The average of a group of consecutive or spaced integers is always at the exact middle number

If the number of integers in the group is odd the average is the middle integer

If the number of integers in the group is even the middle number is the average of the inner most integers

GMAT Math (7 decks)

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