Arguments

Question 1

prudent meaning

Answer 1

acting with or sharing care or thought for the future

Question 2

morality meaning

Answer 2

principles that distinguish between right and wrong

Question 3

what is critical thinking

Answer 3

set of techniques and info to help avoid believing without sufficient

Question 4

what is a moral argument

Answer 4

avoid believing without sufficient evidence

Question 5

is there such thing as a truth?

Answer 5

yes, its a belief

Question 6

what is a proxy

Answer 6

need it for usefulness or helpfulness
used to present someone with something

Question 7

what is an argument

Answer 7

presentation of reasons for believing a claim or contention- usually always propositions

Question 8

what is the key to know if its a proposition or not

Answer 8

put “I believe that” in front

Question 9

what are supporting propositions called

Answer 9

premises

Question 10

what are supported propositions called

Answer 10

conclusion

Question 11

what is a conclusion indicator

Answer 11

“So” but also therefore, hence, thus

Question 12

what are premise indicators

Answer 12

since, because, afterall

Question 13

what is disjunctive syllogism - deductive argument

Answer 13

valid argument form in which a syllogism has a disjunctive statement for one of its premises

Question 14

it’s either morning or afternoon
it is not afternoon
it is morning

Answer 14

disjunctive syllogism

Question 15

what is simplification - deductive argument

Answer 15

premise is conjunction of two sentences
no way for premise to be true and conclusion to be false therefore its valid

Question 16

An argument that is both valid and that has true premises is said to be what

Answer 16

sound

Question 17

what is conjunction - deductive argument

Answer 17

two premises are both true
conclusion is a combination of the two
both valid and sound

Question 18

how can you tell if an argument is valid

Answer 18

there is no way for the premise to be true and conclusion to be false therefore its valid

Question 19

Saskatoon is in Saskatchewan and so is Regina
Regina is in Saskatoon

Answer 19

simplification- deductive

Question 20

Saskatoon is in Saskatchewan
Prince Albert is in Saskatchewan
Both are in Saskatchewan

Answer 20

Conjunction - deductive

Question 21

what is modus ponens

Answer 21

valid deductive argument
valid two premise argument

Question 22

if there is sufficient precipitation, there will be a drought
there is sufficient precipitation
There will be a drought

Answer 22

modus ponens- deductive

Question 23

what are invalid deductive arguments

Answer 23

affirming the consequent is invalid
invalid by imagining a situation in which premises are true but conclusion is false

Question 24

if you oversleep you will be late
you are late
you overslept

Answer 24

invalid deductive argument

Question 25

what is hypothetical syllogism

Answer 25

valid deductive argument

Question 26

if you insulate your house you save money on heating if you save money on heating you'll be able to afford things if you insulate your house you will be able to afford things

Answer 26

hypothetical syllogism

Question 27

what is modus tollens

Answer 27

valid deductive argument

Question 28

if you pass all your courses, you would graduate you won't graduate you won't pass all your courses

Answer 28

modus tollens

Question 29

what is denying the antecedent

Answer 29

deductive but invalid

Question 30

what are inductive arguments

Answer 30

use observations to come to a conclusion

Question 31

what is generalization

Answer 31

inductive argument premise supports the conclusion even though it doesn't guarantee

Question 32

35% of the Canadians surveyed intended to vote for party X 35% of all Canadians intended to vote for Party X

Answer 32

generalization

Question 33

what is instantiation

Answer 33

inductive argument valid example or representation

Question 34

most Saskatchewan voters supported Party X in the last election This individual voter rom Saskatchewan probably supported party X in the last election

Answer 34

instantiation

Question 35

what is an analogy

Answer 35

inductive comparison between two sorts of things

Question 36

West Nile fever is like other-virus caused diseases other virus cause diseases make some people ill the West Nile fever will make some people ill

Answer 36

analogy

Question 37

what is a testimony

Answer 37

inductive argument depends on the number of witnesses and agreements

Question 38

all witnesses say the thief was wearing a bunny hug thief was probably wearing a bunny hug

Answer 38

testimony

Question 39

what is inference to the best explanation

Answer 39

inductive hypotheses is supported by that observations are supported to explain

Question 40

the child has an itchy rash with blisters therefore the child has chicken pox

Answer 40

inference to the best explanation

Question 41

what are casual arguments

Answer 41

special case of inference to the best explanation relationship between cause and effect

Question 42

often there are forest fires after lightning storms the best explanation for the fires is lightning lightning causes forest fires

Answer 42

casual argument

Question 43

t or f its possible to construct all inductive arguments as inferences to the best of explaination

Answer 43

t

Question 44

what are deductive indicator words

Answer 44

necessarily, it must follow

Question 45

what are inductive indicator words

Answer 45

many, most, probably