Argumentative Strategies And Fallaciea 1

Question 0

What is affirming the consequent

Modus ponens

Answer 0

P->Q
Q
- P

Question 1

What is modus ponens? (N fallacy)

Answer 1

Mode of affirming

P->Q
P
- Q

Question 2

What is modus tollens

Answer 2

P->Q
~Q
- ~P

Question 3

What is the fallacy of “denying the antecedent”?

Answer 3

P -> Q
~P
- ~Q

Question 4

What is the chain argument

Answer 4

Chain of conditional propositions

“If A then B, if B then C…

One can either deduce C from A (repeated MODUS PONENS), or ~A from ~C (repeated MODUS TOLLENS)

Question 5

The Either - Or Arguement

Answer 5

2 exhaustive and mutually exclusive possibilities
Then claims either that 1 of these obtains, so other doesn’t obtain, or else (vv).
Should be reconstructed NOT w/ DUSJUNCTION, but ~PQ

Question 6

The Reductio ad Absurdum

Answer 6

Follows MODUS TOLLENS- if valid arg has an obvs false conc/ stronger self-contradicting one, then 1 or + premises must be FALSE