Areas of Difficulty Unit 1 Flashcards
to better understand and remember parts of Unit 1 that I had more trouble remembering
Comparative psychologists study:
the differences and similarities in different animals’ behavior
Developmental psychologists study:
cognitive, social, and personality development
Social psychologists study:
social influences on behavior
Geropsychologists study:
psychological processes involve in aging
Forensic Psychologists:
work with the legal system in things such as child custody cases, develop criminal psychological profiles, testify as an expert on psych issues
Sport psychologists study:
understanding and improving athletic performance
What are the steps in the scientific method?
- ask question
- rephrase as hypothesis
- gather data
- make a conclusion
how can you use critical thinking? (8 ways)
question everything avoid oversimplifying or overgeneralizing clarify meaning correlation does not equal causation examine assumptions examine source of claims examine evidence alternate explanations
what are the 4 scientific objectives?
description, explanation, prediction, control
What is involved in the scientific objective of description?
collecting facts, making observations, creating operational definitions
What is involved in the scientific objective of Explanation?
developing theories, understanding relationships between variables
What are the 3 levels of Explanation?
micro, molecular, macro
What is involved in the scientific objective of Prediction?
making hypotheses and testing them
What are the 4 types of hypotheses?
correlational, causal, null, research
What does a correlational hypothesis predict?
a relationship of co-occurrence between two variables
What does a causal hypothesis predict?
a cause and effect relationship between variables
what does a null hypothesis predict?
nothing
What does a research hypothesis predict?
a specific relationship between variables
10 rules of ethics
- researcher responsible for design
- researcher must adhere to code
- informed consent
- use of deception
- subject right to withdraw
- expectations and responsibilities
- subject risk
- debriefing
- responsibility to detect an remedy harm
- confidentiality
