Arabic-Islamic Influence

Question 1

Rhazes

Answer 1

First original Arabic writer (865-925 AD)

• Translated most of Galen’s works into Arabic
• Produced Liber continens

Question 2

Isaac Judaeus

Answer 2

855-9th century AD; works were among first to be translated from Arabic to Latin
- His work entitled On Fevers was considered one of the best medical works available in the Middle Ages

Question 3

Avicenna

Answer 3

Physician (980-1037 AD)

- Combined biology of Aristotle + Greek and Islamic medicine

Question 4

Maimonides

Answer 4

Physician and philosopher who criticized the opinions of Galen on his medical works
1135-1204 AD

Question 5

Islamic medicine

Answer 5

Human dissections were not allowed by Islamic law

- Well developed medicine

Question 6

Constantine the African

Answer 6

Monk (1017-1087); important carrier of Arabic knowledge

- Translated Arabic medical and scientific works to Latin (including Galen and Hippocrates)

Question 7

Issues with Arabic to Latin translations

Answer 7

Language was the biggest problem; travel to Arabic-speaking countries was dangerous

• Arabic work better organized than Greek

Question 8

Toledo

Answer 8

City in Spain that remained Christian during Muslim occupation
- One of the important centres of Islamic learning

Question 9

Gerard of Cremona

Answer 9

Translator; established school of translators (1114-1187 AD)

Question 10

Michael The Scot

Answer 10

Translator of Arabic works (1175-1235 AD)

- Translated Aristotelian Biology to Arabic and brought his scientific observations to the West for the first time