AR1

Question 1

What is a hermaphrodite?

Answer 1

Has both male and female reproductive parts (egg more expensive than sperm)

Question 2

Describe the 2 types of internal fertilisation?

Answer 2

1) Indirect- male deposits spermatophore and female picks it up
2) Direct- sperm is transferred directly into a female organ

Question 3

What are 4 problems with external fertilisation?

Answer 3

1) Requires water
2) Cant control delivery
3) Requires huge numbers of gametes
4) Predation of eggs

Question 4

What are the 3 fundamental processes of sexual reproduction?

Answer 4

1) Gametogenesis- produce gametes
2) Mating- transfer gametes
3) Fertilisation- fuse gametes

Question 5

What are the 3 steps involved in sexual reproduction? At the level of the genes

Answer 5

1) Meiosis
2) Recombination
3) Segregation

Question 6

How long has sexual reproduction existed for?

Answer 6

1.5 to 2 billion years

Question 7

If species can reproduce both sexually and asexually what do they choose in low and high stress environments?

Answer 7

Low stress= asex

High stress= sex

Question 8

What are 4 types of asexual reproduction?

Answer 8

1) Fragmentation/ regeneration
2) Binary fission- single cell divides into 2 daughter cells
3) Budding
4) Parthenogenesis- virgin birth, unfertilised eggs

Question 9

What are the advantages and disadvantages of asexual reproduction?

Answer 9

Advantages: easy, cheap, relatively error free
Disadvantages: transmits any mutations that have occured

Question 10

What is the definition of sex?

Answer 10

Fusion of genetic material from two different parents