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Science > Aquatic Enviroments > Flashcards

Aquatic Enviroments Flashcards

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1
Q

ALL water covers what percent of Earth’s surface?

A

75%

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2
Q

Is aquatic or terrestrial ecosystems more prevalent on the earth’s ecosystems?

A

Aquatic

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3
Q

This is the process by which water travels from the air to the earth and back to the atmosphere

A

hydrologic cycle

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4
Q

Oceans cover what percentage of the Earth’s surface?

A

71%

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5
Q

What determines the distribution of marine organisms?

A

a. differences in temperatures
b. characteristics of the seafloor
c. light availability
d. interactions with other organisms
e. water column pressure

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6
Q

An area where the river meets the ocean is called….

A

estuary

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7
Q

What marine life is found in an estuary?

A

juvenile fish, shellfish, crabs and seagrass

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8
Q

This is where sediment accumulates near ocean shorelines

A

marshes

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9
Q

What are marsh rushes?

A

a plant resembling grass

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10
Q

What are marsh forbs?

A

a type of flowering plant

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11
Q

What type of animal life live in marshes?

A

fish, crabs, birds, and mammals

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12
Q

These are coastal ecosystems inhabited by salt-tolerant trees and shrubs

A

mangroves

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13
Q

What type of unique animals live in mangroves?

A

monitor lizards, monkeys, and manatees

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14
Q

This zone is the boundary of the ocean and the beach

A

intertidal zone

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15
Q

What type of marine life is found in a rocky intertidal zone?

A

mussels

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16
Q

A mussel is what type of organism in the intertidal zone

A

sessile or fixed

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17
Q

What does desiccation mean?

A

drying out

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18
Q

What type of marine life are found in tide pools?

A

crabs and sea stars

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19
Q

What determines high and low tides?

A

the gravitational pull of the moon

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20
Q

What life live beneath the sandy beaches?

A

clams, crustaceans, and polychaete worms

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21
Q

What do clams and crustaceans feed on?

A

plankton and detritus during high tide

22
Q

The ecosystem is found in warm, shallow coastal regions

A

coral reefs

23
Q

How deep are coral reefs

A

less than 50 meters

24
Q

This is an aggregation of live organisms

A

coral

25
Q

Corals are made up of what type of structure?

A

hard skeletons of dead polyps

26
Q

What provides energy for polyps through photosynthesis?

A

algae

27
Q

The coral reefs provide protection for what?

A

fish and other organisms

28
Q

This is the part of the ocean that is offshore away from land

A

open ocean

29
Q

These are microscopic plants in the open ocean

A

phytoplankton

30
Q

These are microscopic animals and juvenile stages of larger animals

A

zooplankton

31
Q

Phytoplankton and Zooplankton are found where?

A

near the waters surface

32
Q

Name some common deep sea predators

A

large crustaceans, octopuses, and squid

33
Q

What does the benthic zone mean

A

the ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water

34
Q

What is the base of the benthic food chain?

A

detritus from dead phytoplankton, mammals, birds, fish that fall to the sea floor

35
Q

What sea life graze on the organic matter on the sea floor?

A

worms, crustaceans, sea cucumbers, sea stars

36
Q

This is the biochemical emission of visible light by living organisms to attract prey in the deep ocean

A

bioluminescence

37
Q

Streams that originate at high elevations are called…

A

first order streams

38
Q

Any stream over a sixth-order is called a ….

A

river

39
Q

The largest river in the world by discharge is….

A

the Amazon River

40
Q

Which order stream is the Amazon?

A

12th order

41
Q

This is a fast moving portion of a river

A

riffles

42
Q

Where can invertebrates be found?

A

pools

43
Q

Where can fish be found in a river?

A

riffles

44
Q

This is a deep, slow moving stretches of a river

A

pools

45
Q

Headwater stream orders 1-3

A

a. steep rapids and waterfalls
b. cold and well shaded
c. aquatic insects that shred leaves and organic matter
d. organic matter on stream bottom

46
Q

Medium streams orders 4-6

A

a. exposed to sun
b. water temp. high
c. elevation decreases
d. slowing water flow
e. vegetation and algae grow

47
Q

Low level streams orders 6+

A

a. Stream channel becomes wide and slow moving

b. increased sediment

48
Q

This is an Ecosystem that is on the boundary of land and water along rivers

A

riparian ecosystem

49
Q

Floodplains, swamps, ponds and the edges of rivers and lakes are known as what?

A

freshwater wetlands

50
Q

What type of plant can be found in wetlands?

A

cattails

51
Q

Which animals are dependent of freshwater wetlands?

A

fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals

Science (22 decks)

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