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Aquatic Ecosystem Flashcards

1
Q

Region of open water known to be surface layer with sunlight (0-200m)

A

Epipelagic

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2
Q

Region of open water known to be the twilight zone (200-1000m)

A

Mesopelagic zone

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3
Q

Region of open water known to be deep ocean (1000-4000m)

A

Bathypelagic zone

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4
Q

Region of open water known to be Abyssal zone (4000-6000m)

A

Abyssopelagic zone

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5
Q

Region of open water known to be trenches (below 6000m depth)

A

Hadalpelagic

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6
Q

It is the water stored in aquifers beneath Earth’s surface. It is a critical source of freshwater for drinking, agriculture, and industry

A

Groundwater

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7
Q

Water of ______ moves slowly through porous rocks and is replenished by infiltration from precipitation

A

Groundwater

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8
Q

It is formed by the movement of the Earth’s crust. Faulting and shifting of bedrock creates depression that fill eith water

A

Tectonic lake

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9
Q

When an organism originated from different place than where it is found like leaves and wood in rivers that came from land

A

Allocthonous

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10
Q

When an organism originated and found in the same place or area like aquatic plants and algae in rivers or lakes

A

Autochthonous

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11
Q

Type of lake formed due to the movements of glacier

A

Glacial Lake

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12
Q

Type of glacial lake that is formed by melting of ice blocks left by retreating glaciers

A

Kettle or pothole lake

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13
Q

Type of glacial lake that is created by the scouring effect of moving glaciers on bedrock

A

Moraine Lakes

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14
Q

It is a type of lake formed by river activity

A

Fluvial Lake

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15
Q

It is a type of fluvial lake that is formed when a river bed pinches off, leaving banana shaped water body

A

Oxbow Lakes

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16
Q

It is a type of lake created for hydro-electric power, irrigation, and flood control

A

Human made Lakes and Reservoir

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17
Q

Created by beavers which is a standing water bodies like dams

A

Beaver-made lakes

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18
Q

Morphometric features of lake includes

A

Surface area (A)
Maximum depth (Zm)
Mean depth (Z)
Volume (V)

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19
Q

It is used to show lakes depth using isoclines

A

Bathymetric map

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20
Q

In bathymetric map, close isoclines means

A

steep depth changes

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21
Q

In bathymetric map, distant isoclines means

A

gradual depth changes

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22
Q

In shoreline development factor, D=1 means

A

Perfectly circular shape

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23
Q

In shoreline development factor, D>1 means

A

Irregular, complex shoreline

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24
Q

plumbing of continents

A

streams, rivers, and groundwater pathways

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25
It is crucial for linking aquatic habitats with terrestrial environment
Streams and rivers
26
They transport materials from land to sea via lakes and estuaries
Streams and Rivers
27
It is formed by coalescence of smaller streams, creating a network of channels
Rivers
28
In stream ordering, first order streams are largest or smallest?
Smallest, which combines to form larger streams
29
Cut anf Fill Alleviation means
rivers alternate between cutting (eroding) and filling (depositing) sediments, creating floodplains and deltas
30
It is thr land area drained by tributaries flowing into a main channel
Watershed (Drainage area
31
It is the volume of water passing a point per unit time (m³/s)
Discharge
32
Stream Drainage pattern that has tree like branching, common in uniform material
Dendritic
33
34
It is a stream flow that flows year round
Perennial stream
35
It is a stream flow that flows seasonally
Intermittent stream
36
A s tream flow that flows only after rainfall
Ephemeral stream
37
It is a stream feature that is shallow, fast moving water, with coarse substrate
Riffle
38
It is a stream feature that is the deeper areas with slow current
Pools
39
It is the stream feature which is the smooth surface flow between riffles and pools
Runs
40
It is the area below the streambed where groundwaterband surface water interact
Hyporheic zone
41
It is the S shaped bends in rivers due to erosion on outer bends and deposition on inner bends
River Meanders
42
This occurs in lakes when the sediment loads are high and flow is variable
Braided channels
43
are flat or low-lying areas next to rivers or streams that get flooded when water levels rise, especially during heavy rains or typhoons
Floodplains
44
Standing water like lakes and ponds
Lentic
45
Running water like rivers, and streams
Lotic
46
It includes marshes, swaps and other areas with fluctuating water levels
Wetlands
47
It is a zone in lake with shallow waters and rootrd plants
Littoral Zone
48
It is the open eater zone of lake home to plankton and fish
Limnetic Zone
49
It is the deep, dark water zone home to heterotrophs
Profundal zone
50
It is the bottom layer zone of lake inhabited by decomposers
Benthic zone
51
In thermal stratification, it pertains to warm surface layer
Epilimnion
52
In thermal stratification, it pertains to the cold, deep layer of a lake
Hypolimnion
53
In thermal stratification, it is the middle layer with rapid temperature changes
Thermocline
54
A type of lake with low nutrients, clear water, fewer fish
Oligotrophic lakes Oligo means few/little ( like little nutrients)
55
It is a lake with noderate nutrient levels, balanced plant and plankton population
Mesotrophic lakes
56
It is a type of lake with high nutrients, low oxygen due to high productivity and abundant plant life and algae blooms
Eutrophic lakes
57
Key nutrients includes phosphorus, nitrogen, and carbon. Which of the following are the common limiting factor in lakes
phosphorus
58
It is an area of land an area of land where all the rainwater and streams drain into a single river, lake, or ocean. --- Key Points: Also called a drainage basin Acts like a funnel: it collects rainwater and directs it to one main outlet (like a river or bay) Can be small (for a stream) or very large (like the Amazon watershed) Important for water supply, irrigation, flood control, and ecosystems
Watershed
59
It is the largest water bodies flowing on the Earth's surface
Rivers
60
It is intermediate in size, flowing water body
Streams
61
It is the smallest flowing water body often serves as tributaries to stream or rivers
Creeks
62
a landform at the mouth of a river, where the river slows down and spreads out into several channels before entering a larger body of water like a sea or ocean
delta
63
It is the category of material transport characterized having soluble materials like salt and nutrients carried in solution
Dissolved Load
64
It is the category of material transport characterized having fine particles like silt and clay kept in suspension by water turbulence
Suspended Load
65
It is the category of material transport characterized having larger particles that roll slide or bounce along the riverbed
Bed Load
66
In coastal and open ocean ecosystem, it has high productivity due to nutrient inflow from rivers
Coastal ecosystem
67
In coastal and open ocean ecosystem, it has lower productivity, and is reliant on upwelling and currents for nutrients
Open Ocean
68
It is the daily rise and fall of sea levels caused by gravitational forces from the moon and sun
Tides
69
70
It is the continuous, directed movement of seawater due to wind, salinity, and Earth rotation
Currents
71
It is a process where deep, nutrient rich water rises to the surface, boosting marine productivity
Upwelling
72
It is the marine zone that includes coastal areas that are alternately submerged and exposed at tides
Intertidal zone
73
It is the shallow seabed around landmasses with highly productive fisheries
Continental shelf
74
Microscopic autotrophs forming the oceans primary producers
Phytoplankton
75
Primary consumers feeding on phytoplankton
Zooplankton
76
Large free swimming organisms like fish, squid, whales
Nektons
77
It is an area or region of the sea where most marine life is concentrated due to nutrient availability
Continental shelf
78
It is an area or region of the ocean where upwelling typically occurs
Continental shelf
79
It is a region dominated by diatoms and clupeid fish
Continental shelf
80
In benthic communities, it pertains to surface dwellers
Epifauna
81
In benthic communities, it is the burrowers
Infauna
82
In deep sea ecosystem, it is the hot, sulfurous springs along mid-ocean ridges, that supports unique chemosynthetic food webss
Hydrothermal vents
83
Deep sea organisms are dependent on the organic matters raining form syrface waters called
marine snow
84
In chemosysnthesis, it is used by bacteria to produce their own energy forming the base of the food web
Hydrogen sulfide
85
It is a type of method that is used for stream flow measurement where time taken of a float to travel a known distance is measured
Float method
86
It is a type of method used for streamflow measurements that uses flow meter to measure the water velocity at different depth
Current meter method
87
It is a method in measuring lake and pond volume that uses a mechanical or digital planimeter to measure the area of a lake on a map
Planimeter method
88
It is a method used to measure lake and pond volume that uses overlay of grid on a lake map snd count the squares within a lake boundary
Grid method
89
It is a method of measuring lake and pond volume that includes cutting out of a lake shape from a map snd weighing it compared to a known area to calculate the lakes surface area
Weighing scale method
90
A type of climate with two pronounced season, wet and dry. With wet season between November to April
Type 1
91
It is a type of climate which has no dry season but with very pronounced maximum rain period from November to January
Type 2
92
It is a type of climate where seasons are not very pronounced but are relatively dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the year
Type 3
93
It is a type of climate characterized by a more or less even distribution of rainfall throughout the year
Type 4
94

WEEK 1 (4 decks)

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