Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Ecology Exam 3 > Aquatic Biomes > Flashcards

Aquatic Biomes Flashcards

1
Q

Pelagic zone

A

open water component of aquatic biomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Photic zone

A

region where light penetrates and allows for photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Aphotic zone

A

region below photic zone where light does not penterate sufficiently for photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Benthic zone

A

the bottom surface of an aquatic environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Abyssal zone

A

the part of the ocean’s benthic zone 2,000 to 6,000 m deep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Benthic zone made up of?

A

made up of sand and organic and inorganic sediments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Deep benthic and abyssal zone organisms adapted to

A

cold and extremely high water pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When fresh and salt water mix, freshwater will be on ..

A

top

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Stratification

A

leads to seasonal turnover in many temperate lakes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Turnover

A

mixing of oxygenated water from the surface with nutrient rich water from the bottom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Eutrophication

A

enrichment of ecosystem with chemical nutrients (Nitrogen, phosphorus, or both)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Eutrophication can be

A

natural processes in lakes
accelerated by human activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Eutrophication occurs

A

in closed systems or open oceans as rivers move from land and sea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Oligotrophic

A

low nutrient levels
low algal growth
good light penetration
deep water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Eutrophic

A

high nutrient levels
high algal growth
poor light penetration
low dissolved oxygen
shallow water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Streams and rivers

A

Headwater streams are cold, clear, swift and turbulent, rich in oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

As you move down from headwaters to downstream

A

conditions of river are warmer, contain more suspended sediment, more turbid, and slower moving. Salt, nutrients, and oxygen increase.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Threats to streams and rivers

A

Dams prevent fish from migrating
Invasive species
Nutrients that runoff can degrade water quality
Climate change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Wetlands

A

EARTHS KIDNEYS BECAUSE THEY ABSORB WASTE
Most productive ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Wetlands soil

A

low in dissolved oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Bogs

A

spongy peat and acidic water
mosses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Wetlands threats

A

draining for land conversion
mining
lack of knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Estuaries

A

transition area between river and sea
Seawater flows up estuary channel during rising tide and flows back down during a falling tide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Mangroves

A

Waterlogged soils lacks spaces that provide oxygen for cellular respiration in roots

Submerged roots continuous with aerial roots which are exposed to oxygen at low tide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Salt marsh plants
air filled spaces in stems allowing for oxygen to move from leaves to roots without accumulation of carbon dioxide Can tolerate high salinity
26
Estuary animals adaptations
behavioral adaptations to deal with intense heat
27
Estuary threats
Support high levels of nutrients carries to them by rivers→ growth of algae Coastal development, invasive species, overfishing, dams, upstream pollutants, climate change
28
Intertidal zones
Periodically submerged and exposed to tides twice a day Benthic zone can either be rocky or sandy based on exposure to wave action
29
Intertidal zones threats
harvesting of shells and animals, rock walls and sea barriers, oil spills
30
Ocean Pelagic
Tropical- no mixing of waters Turnover between fall and spring renews nutrients in photic zones of temperate and high-latitude ocean areas
31
Ocean Pelagic threats
Overfishing Ocean acidification
32
Overfishing
removing more individuals then can be naturally replaced causes decline in marine species; causes shift in individuals who replaced and influence life history characteristics
33
Ocean acidification
increased carbon dioxide through deforestation and burning of fossil fuels increase of H concentration= increase of acidity and decrease in pH→ less CaCO3 for organisms to build shells which influences food webs and ecosystems
34
Coral reefs
less than 0.1% of ocean home to 25% of marine species LOW IN NUTRIENTS warm tropical waters photic zone
35
Coral reefs threats
climate change, acidification, harvesting to coral, overfishing, harmful land use
36
Marine Benthic
seafloor below the surface waters of the coastal zone and the offshore pelagic zone no sunlight Temperature decreases with depth; pressure increases with depth Rich in hydrogen sulfide
37
Marine Benthic threats
overfishing, organic waste
38
Marine snow
remains of once living organisms that sink to the bottom and decompose
39
Gray infrastructure
tanks tunnels disinfection pipe capacity sewer separation
40
Bluebelts
stormwater management system utilizing existing wetlands
41
Green Infracstructure
blue/green roofs, bioinfiltration, rain gardens, rain barrels, porous pavement
42
Green Infrastructure benefits
storm water retention/ water quality property values/ reduced energy costs habitat air quality
43
Temporal variation of global precipitation is linked to the seasonal changes....
in heating of the Earth
44
ITCZ
it is not stationary, migrates towards the region with the warmest surface temperature
45
Gulf Stream
current transports heat northeast across the Atlantic, resulting in Europe's relatively warmer winters
46
Coastal upwelling
Surface currents move away from the coast, it is replaced by water from greater depths
47
Deep water
is rich in nutrients, so these upwelling areas are highly productive
48
Threats to aquatic biomes
Development Alteration of flow Nutrient pollution Contamination Introduction of non native species Overfishing
49
Tides
Results from the gravitational pulls of the Sun and the Moon
50
Tidal force
Tidal force of the moon is 2.2x the force of the sun
51
Everyday Earth
Passes thru two of the lunar tides (high tides) and two low tides at right angles to the high tides
52
Spring Tides
higher than normal Occur when the sun and moon line-up twice a month (full moon and new moon)
53
Neap tides
lower than normal occur during the quarter phases when the gravitational forces of the sun partially cancel out those of the moon
54
Open Ocean
including hydrothermal vents
55
Shallow water biomes
Coral reefs, kelp forests, sea grasses
56
Intertidal biomes
Rocky shores sandy beaches mangrove forests Salt marshes
57
Freshwater habitats are governed
by the unique properties of water
58
Unique properties of water
Lentic= non flowing (ponds and lakes) Lotic= flowing (rivers and streams)
59
Other factors influencing aquatic systems
Nutrients (upwelling, eutrophication) Oxygen availability Input of organic matter Water chemistry (pH, salinity)
60

Ecology Exam 3 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions