APUSH Vocab pt 2 Flashcards
Declaration of Sentiments
Womens’ rights document written at the Seneca Falls Convention and based on the Declaration of Independence that listed women’s grievances against discriminatory laws and customs.
Denmark Vesey
Free African American who helped propose a massive slave escape plan that involved capturing ships and sailing to freedom, but was discovered and hung with over thirty conspirators.
Dorothea Dix
Reformer and former schoolteacher who was horrified by the terrible treatment of the mentally ill and advocated for professional treatment and better facilities for mentally ill persons.
King Cotton
Term used by Southern authors and orators before the Civil War to indicate the economic dominance of the Southern cotton industry, and that the North needed the South’s cotton.
Mountain People
Small number of farmers who lived in the frontier conditions of the Appalachian and Ozark Mountains who typically disliked the wealthy planters and did not want to protect the system of slavery.
Peculiar Institution
Term used to describe slavery and often used in association with a defense of slavery by calling it a positive good for the economy and society by “establishing the proper relation between races”
Romanticism
Cultural shift from the reason and order of the Enlightenment to an emphasis on emotion, feelings, individual acts of heroism and nature.
Specie Circular
Presidential order by President Jackson requiring all purchases of federal land to be paid in gold or silver in an attempt to control land speculation, but instead led to the Panic of 1837
Thomas Cole
Painter of the Hudson River School art movement who emphasized the heroic beauty of American landscapes by painting dramatic scenes of the Hudson River and western frontier wilderness
Webster-Hayne Debate
Famous exchange of speeches in the Senate over nullification with a Senator from Massachusetts making a plea for unity and a Senator from South Carolina arguing in favor of states’ rights
William Still
African-American abolitionist and conductor on the Underground Railroad who was a member of the Vigilance Committee of the Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery and wrote The Underground Railroad Records
Antebellum
Term used to describe the time period after the War of 1812, but before the Civil War that included many reform movements, but also rising sectionalism
Charles Finney
Presbyterian minister from the Second Great Awakening known for his hell and brimstone sermons, similar to Johnathon Edwards, who preached that all could be saved through faith and good works
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
Landmark SCOTUS case in which the Supreme Court threw out the case by ruling the Cherokees were not a foreign nation with the right to sue in court
David Walker
African-American abolitionist from Boston who published An Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World, which was a highly influential call for black unity and the fight against slavery
