Apush Review 1800-1877 Flashcards
1
Q
Revolution of 1800
A
- when jefferson defeated adams in the, created a new generation of democratic republican leadership
2
Q
12th Amendment
A
- said that when electing a president one must have to vote for a president and vice president instead of two presidents were the second becomes vp
3
Q
- Thomas Jefferson
A
(1801-09) Democratic Rep.
4
Q
Midnight Judges
A
- the attempt of john adams to pack the supreme court with judges of his choice to keep federalist rule, he did this on the last night of his presidency
5
Q
John Marshall
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- chief justice, judicial review
6
Q
Marbury v Madison
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(Judicial Review) - says that the supreme court can rule laws invalid if they believe they are unconstitutional
7
Q
Impressment -
A
when people would be taken against their will and forced to serve in the army, most commonly used by the british army
8
Q
La. Purchase 1803 -
A
when the U.S. doubled its size by purchasing 530 million acres of land for 15 million dollars from france, monroe and livingston negotiated this
9
Q
Embargo Act of 1807
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- closed U.S. ports to all exports and restricted imports from britain, tried to stop impressing seamen
10
Q
- James Madison
A
(1809-17) Dem Rep
11
Q
War of 1812 -
A
was fought between america and britain of the impressment of american seamen, ended by the Treaty of Ghent, was a draw, washington DC was burned by the British
12
Q
Henry Clay (American System) -
A
“great compromiser”, a high protective tariff and the implication of internal imports
13
Q
Hartford Convention -
A
a convention of federalist in 1814
14
Q
Treaty of Ghent -
A
ended the war of 1812, on christmas eve of 1814
15
Q
- James Monroe
A
(1817-25) Dem Rep
16
Q
Monroe Doctrine 1823
A
- stated that no one could colonize the americas
17
Q
Missouri Compromise 1820
A
- admitted missouri as a slave state and made maine a state and then admitted it is a non slave state at the same time to keep and equal balance of slave vs non slave states
18
Q
Democratic Party -
A
formed in 1828 by jackson
18
Q
- Q. Adams
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(1825-29) Nat. Rep.
19
Q
- A. Jackson
A
(1829-37) Dem
20
Q
Whig Party -
A
founded by henry clay in 1833
21
Q
Spoils system
A
- gives a reward to family and friends and those who helped with working towards their president becoming elected, was a good thing in some ways but also brought people who had bad intentions into politics, it also brought money into the government election system
22
Q
Jacksonian Democracy -
A
- the idea of spreading political power to the people
23
Q
Indian Removal Act 1830
A
- said that the president would give land grants (reservations) to native american tribes that would move from their land peacefully
24
Trail of Tears 1838
- forced removal of native americans out west, many were killed, seminole, choctaw, etc.
25
Worcester v Georgia
- said that the states had no right to impose restrictions on native american land
26
Nullification -
to make a law invalid
27
Tariff of Abominations (Yankee Tariff)
- raised the cost of foreign imported good
28
Specie circular -
said the the purchase of lands could only be made in gold or silver
29
Nicholas Biddle -
president of the second bank of the united states
30
Nat Turner -
an enslaved african american preacher who led a slave rebellion
31
8. Martin Van Buran
(1837-41) Dem
32
Panic of 1837 -
caused by overspeculation, lasted several years, led to high unemployment rates, etc.
33
9. William Henry Harrison
(1841-41) Whig
34
10. John Tyler
(1841-45) Whig
35
Market economy -
an economic system where two forces, known as supply and demand, direct the production of goods and services
36
Eli Whitney (Cotton gin)
- easily separated cotton from their seeds, revolutionized cotton industry, realized this was more efficient than slaves
37
Interchangeable parts -
manufacturing system that uses interchangeable parts so that it is easier to make and replace things
37
Samuel Slater
- “father of the american industrial revolution”
38
Textile industry
- the cotton gin made the textile industry flourish, us was producing most cotton because of the cotton gin
39
Labor unions -
- organized group of workers who make decisions about their work together
40
Erie Canal -
went from albany to buffalo, was the longest artificial waterway, used for shipping
41
Birth of railroads -
1827, were originally thought of as very dangerous, john stevens
42
Telegraph -
1837 by samuel morse
43
Manifest destiny -
the divine task of americans to expand their country from east coast to west coast and beyond
44
Santa Anna -
president/dictator of mexico
44
Texas -
they became their own country, the lone star country but in 1845 polk signed the annexation bill into congress and accepted texas as the 28th state
45
Sam Houston -
american general
46
Alamo
- texan defenders were beat by santa anna
47
Gold Rush -
1849, gold rush in california
48
Protective tariff -
taxes with the intent of protecting inside industry
49
Irish/Germans -
the irish were very discriminated against, they worked the dangerous jobs that no one else wanted and mostly lived in the middle colonies in the cities. The Germans were typically more wealthy and brought over beer, gyms in schools, and Christmas trees, they mostly worked in carpentry.
49
Cult of domesticity -
the thought that women belong in the house and should not do anything other than cook, clean, care for children, and should not get an education
50
Rise of cities -
one of the main reasons this happened was the industrial revolution
51
2nd Great Awakening -
introduced social issues into the awakening such as temperance, slavery, and suffrage
52
Temperance -
no drinking, mostly advocated for by women
53
Mormans -
led by brigham young, went west, were controversial because of polygamy
54
Seneca Falls convention -
1848, seneca falls NY, a meeting of women and men to address women's rights
55
Horace Mann -
brought public school to the attention of the country and made it popular
56
William Lloyd Garrison -
wrote “The Liberator”, and anti slavery newspaper
57
Frederick Douglass -
an ex-slave who became an importat social figure, advocated for abolition, womens rights, etc.
58
Harriet Tubman -
a runaway slave who helped other slaves get to freedom on the underground railroad
59
11. James Polk
(1845-49) Dem
60
Mexican War 1846-48
- Mexican-American War, war between the United States and Mexico (April 1846–February 1848) stemming from the United States' annexation of Texas in 1845 and from a dispute over whether Texas ended at the Nueces River (Mexican claim) or the Rio Grande (U.S. claim).
61
Wilmot Proviso
- an unsuccessful 1846 proposal in the United States Congress to ban slavery in territory acquired from Mexico in the Mexican–American War
62
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
- ended mexican war, we got california and new mexico
63
Stephen Douglass
- kansas nebraska act
64
Popular sovereignty -
government based on the consent of people, bsaiclly that people shoudl choose whether or not they have slavery
65
12. Z. Taylor
13. M. Fillmore
(1849-50) Whig
(1850-53) Whig
66
Compromise of 1850 -
- fugitive slave law was made more strict and slaevry was banned in DC
67
Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852 -
Harriet Beecher-Stowe, arguably the most impactful political book in hisotry, led to the wide support of abolition
68
Bleeding Kansas -
pro slavery vs anti slaevry bloodshed in the state
69
Know-Nothing Party (nativism) -
anti-catholic, anti-jewish, anti-immigrant,
69
Republican Party 1854 -
anti slavery, mostly northerners, businesspeople, prosperous farmers, facotry workers, and slaves
70
John Brown -
was hung for a raid that was for abolition
71
14. Franklin Pierce
(1853-57) Dem
72
Dred Scott -
denied the legality of black citizenship in America, declared the missouri compromise unconstitutional
73
15. James Buchanon
(1857-61) Dem
74
Lincoln Douglass debates 1858 -
Douglass accused Lincoln of being an abolitionist and Lincoln accused Douglass of wanting to nationalize slavery
75
16. Abe Lincoln
(1861-65) Rep
76
S.C. Secedes 1860 -
left because of abolition progress
77
Jefferson Davis
- president of the CSA
77
CSA -
confederate states of america, pro slavery
78
Border states -
Delaware, Kentucky, West Virginia, Maryland, and Missouri, separated the north and south, north and south both wanted them to join/stay
79
Bull Run McDowell, Antietam Mclellan, Gettysburg Meade, Vicksburg U.S. Grant
- battles of the civil war, all union victories except for bull run
80
Appomattox Court House -
where lee surrenderd to grant in 1865
80
Sherman's March to the Sea -
civil war campaing were soldoers marched to the southern sea and destoryed southern towns
81
Emancipation Proclamation -
declared that slaves were free but didnt actually do anything
82
17. Andrew Johnson
(1865-69) Dem
83
13th/14th/15th Amendments
- slaves were freed by the 13th, black people coudl gain citizenship by the 14th, black men could vot by the 15th
84
10 percent plan -
said that confederate states coudl make a ne state governemnt if 10 percent of their population took an oath to be loyal to the union
85
Radical Republicans -
they wanted to punish the csa leaders
86
Freedmen's bureau -
relief for freedmen and refugees, gave clothes, food, etc.
87
Swing around the circle campaign
- a falied campaign by johnson to gian supporters, he traveled a lot therefore gaining the nickname
88
Military Reconstruction Act 1867 -
divided the south into 5 military districts and occupied them with union armies and generals
89
Impeachment of Johnson -
said he had violated the tenure office act
90
18. U.S. Grant
(1869-1877)
91
Scalawags -
a southerner who supported the north
92
Boss Tweed
- he stole money by making shady deals with the companies he hired for certain jobs around the city
93
Compromise of 1877
*end of reconstruction - an informal, unwritten deal that settled the disputed 1876 U.S. Presidential election; through it Republican Rutherford B. Hayes was awarded the White House on the understanding that he would remove the federal troops from South Carolina, Florida and Louisiana.
93
Election of 1877 -
Hayes v Tilden, there were disputed votes in florida, louisiana, south carolina, and oregon, Hayes ended up winning
94
19. Rutherford B. Hayes
(1877-1881) Rep
