apstats - 4.1

Question 1

population

Answer 1

entire group of individuals we want info about

Question 2

census

Answer 2

collects data from EVERY individual in the population

Question 3

sample

Answer 3

subset of individuals in the population from which we actually collect data

Question 4

ask yourself these questions when planning a survey

Answer 4

who is our population? what do we want to measure about our population?

Question 5

convenience sample

Answer 5

done to minimize time and effort in collecting a sample

Question 6

voluntary response sample

Answer 6

consists of individuals who choose themselves by responding to a general invitation

Question 7

bias

Answer 7

when the design of a survey consistently underestimates or consistently overestimates the measure

Question 8

when asked to identify bias:

Answer 8

identify the problem with the design of the survey, explain how the problem over or underestimates

Question 9

types of bias

Answer 9

undercoverage, nonresponse, response bias, wording of question bias, survivor bias

Question 10

undercoverage

Answer 10

occurs when some individuals in the population cannot be chosen for the sample

Question 11

nonresponse

Answer 11

when someone refuses to participate or cannot be contacted

Question 12

response bias

Answer 12

systematic pattern of inaccurate answers this can be the result of method of collection, who the interviewer, where the info is collected, asking sensitive questions

Question 13

wording of question bias

Answer 13

wording or order of question affects the answer

Question 14

survivor bias

Answer 14

logical error of concentrating on the people or things that made it past some selection process and overlooking those that did not

Question 15

simple random sampling

Answer 15

size n is chosen in a way that each group of size n in the population has an equal chance of being selected as the sample

Question 16

SRS methods

Answer 16

hat method, random number generator method, random digit table method

Question 17

stratified random sample

Answer 17

when population is divided into groups of similar individuals called strata

Question 18

cluster

Answer 18

a group of nonsimilar individuals that are close to each other

Question 19

cluster sample

Answer 19

when population is classified into clusters, a SRS is taken to select a cluster and all individuals in the cluster are selected for the sample

Question 20

systematic random sample

Answer 20

sample members from a population are selected according to a random starting point and a fixed, periodic interval

Question 21

inference

Answer 21

when we draw a conclusion about a population from sample data