apgov - judiciary & bureaucracy Flashcards
writ of certiorari
request that the SC order a lower court to send up the record of the case for review
government corporations
gov agency that is established by Congress to provide a market-oriented public service and to produce revenues that meet or approximate
original jurisdiction
right of a court to hear a case for the first time
amicus curiae
an individual or organization who is not a party to a legal case but is permitted to assist a court by offering info, expertise, or insight that has a bearing on the issues in the case
bureaucrat
an official in gov department
bureaucracy
a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by officials rather than by elected representatives
Independent regulatory commission
ensure the compliance of legislation
independent agency
ICC, FCC, National Labor Relations Board
Atari Video Game System
old video game
senior executive service
established by the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 who are mostly career officials but include some political appointees who do not require Senate confirmation
civil service
system of hiring and promotion based on the merit principle and the desire to create a nonpartisan government
spoils system
Jackson system, hired his besties (supporters)
merit system
public employment that depends on demonstrated performance
smokey the bear
bear that educates about forest fires
office of personnel management (OPM)
a human resources department for federal government employees
office of management and budget (OMB)
the organization responsible for preparing the federal budget and for central clearance of legislative proposals from federal agencies
judicial activism
judges sometimes make bold policy decisions
judicial restraint
judges play minimal policymaking roles and defer to legislatures whenever possible
hatch act
bureaucrats cannot be forced to campaign during work
implementation
process of putting a law into practice
administrative discretion
the exercise of professional expertise and judgment, as opposed to strict adherence to regulations or statues, in making a decision or performing official acts or duties
rule
one set of explicit or understood regulations or principles governing conduct within a particular activity or sphere
dissenting opinion
opposed to majority’s opinion
concurring opinion
agree with majority opinion but has different reasoning as to why
federal register
official document, that lists the new and proposed regulations of executive department and regulatory agencies
uncontrollable spending
portion of the federal budget that is spent on programs such as, Social Security, that the president and Congress are unwilling to cut
stare decisis
let the decision stand
entitlement program
gov benefits that certain qualified individuals are entitled to by law
oversight
congress has the authority to conduct hearings and investigations
central clearance
review all executive branch testimony, reports, and draft legislation by OMB to ensure that each communication to Congress in accordance with the President’s program
justifiable disputes
a dispute growing out of an actual case or controversy and that is capable of settlement by legal methods
class action suits
lawsuits in which a small number of people sue on behalf of all people in similar circumstances
judicial review
power to determine what is constitutional and unconstitutional
civil law
law that governs relationships between individuals and defines their legal rights
defendant
an individualism company, or institution sued or accused in court
solicitor general
authority given by congress to the federal bureaucracy to use reasonable judgment in implementing laws
appellate jurisdiction
jurisdiction of courts that hear cases brought to them on appeal from lower courts, these courts only review the legal issues involved
court of appeals
appellate courts empowered to review all final decisions of district courts except in rare cases
precedent
how similar cases have been decided in the past
in forma pauperis
a petition filed with the SCOTUS by an indigent person
docket
list of potential cases that reach the SC
