Apraxia Flashcards
AOS neuro damage
–LH/cortical, BG damage
accompanying ________ is common
aphasia
common arctic errors
substitutions
some deletions
distortions
AOS is a disorder of ______
skilled volitional speech movements; planning deficit
impairment in transfering _____ into ________
the intact phonological representations into coordinated patterns of muscle movement
lesion at the ____ in the psycholinguistic model
—phonological output buffer
AOS primary speech characteristics
- slow rate
- sound distortions and distorted substitutions
- prosodic abnormalities
- more erros in longer words
- greater difficulty w/ AMRs than RMRs
- atriculatory groping
- initiation difficulty
- high self-awareness and attempts to self-correct
AOS motor characteristics
-nonspeech movements are all normal
main tx of AOS
–overall goal is to improve the individual’s ability to assemble, retrieve, and execute the motor plans for speech
…at first maximum cues are provided, and then they are faded, giving the speaker increasing responsibility to formulate and execute the plan on his own
in the early stages of AOS treatment….it is important to do what in tx?
educate the family and people involved in their daily life what they will likely be able to do and what they can’t do…also explain the nature of the disorder
articulatory tx methods include
- integral stimulation
- MIPT
- sound production treatment
integral stimulation tx
-for mod/severe AOS – “watch and listen to me”
-the clinician’s models of stimuli are both visual and auditory and visual because the clinician is producing speech while the client watches
…repetitive motor practice
ex: 8-setp continuim (Rosenbeck et al., 1973)
(a set of meaningful utterances starting at a level to allow for the client to have success)…slowly reduce cueing
Multiple Input Phoneme Therapy (MIPT) tx
**Stevens, 1989
-for severe AOS w/ only a few verbal stereotypes
–the clinician identifies frequent stereotypic utterances that are used and then are used as initial stimuli
–clinician models the utterance…he or she begins with a slowed production and emphasized the initial movement —-a simultaneous gestural/prosodic cue (tapping of the ipsilateral arm) is performed by both the client and the clinician) – then clinician fades
Sound Production Treatment (SPT)
**Wambaugh 2010
-used to improve consonants that are problematic for a specific speaker
…uses steps of a treatment hierarchy composed of modeling and repetition of minimally contras tic words, grapheme cues, integral stimulation, and phonetic placement
Prosodic tx options
- MIT
2. Contrastive stress