Apraxia Flashcards

1
Q

AOS neuro damage

A

–LH/cortical, BG damage

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2
Q

accompanying ________ is common

A

aphasia

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3
Q

common arctic errors

A

substitutions
some deletions
distortions

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4
Q

AOS is a disorder of ______

A

skilled volitional speech movements; planning deficit

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5
Q

impairment in transfering _____ into ________

A

the intact phonological representations into coordinated patterns of muscle movement

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6
Q

lesion at the ____ in the psycholinguistic model

A

—phonological output buffer

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7
Q

AOS primary speech characteristics

A
  • slow rate
  • sound distortions and distorted substitutions
  • prosodic abnormalities
  • more erros in longer words
  • greater difficulty w/ AMRs than RMRs
  • atriculatory groping
  • initiation difficulty
  • high self-awareness and attempts to self-correct
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8
Q

AOS motor characteristics

A

-nonspeech movements are all normal

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9
Q

main tx of AOS

A

–overall goal is to improve the individual’s ability to assemble, retrieve, and execute the motor plans for speech

…at first maximum cues are provided, and then they are faded, giving the speaker increasing responsibility to formulate and execute the plan on his own

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10
Q

in the early stages of AOS treatment….it is important to do what in tx?

A

educate the family and people involved in their daily life what they will likely be able to do and what they can’t do…also explain the nature of the disorder

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11
Q

articulatory tx methods include

A
  1. integral stimulation
  2. MIPT
  3. sound production treatment
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12
Q

integral stimulation tx

A

-for mod/severe AOS – “watch and listen to me”

-the clinician’s models of stimuli are both visual and auditory and visual because the clinician is producing speech while the client watches
…repetitive motor practice

ex: 8-setp continuim (Rosenbeck et al., 1973)
(a set of meaningful utterances starting at a level to allow for the client to have success)…slowly reduce cueing

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13
Q

Multiple Input Phoneme Therapy (MIPT) tx

A

**Stevens, 1989

-for severe AOS w/ only a few verbal stereotypes

–the clinician identifies frequent stereotypic utterances that are used and then are used as initial stimuli

–clinician models the utterance…he or she begins with a slowed production and emphasized the initial movement —-a simultaneous gestural/prosodic cue (tapping of the ipsilateral arm) is performed by both the client and the clinician) – then clinician fades

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14
Q

Sound Production Treatment (SPT)

A

**Wambaugh 2010

-used to improve consonants that are problematic for a specific speaker

…uses steps of a treatment hierarchy composed of modeling and repetition of minimally contras tic words, grapheme cues, integral stimulation, and phonetic placement

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15
Q

Prosodic tx options

A
  1. MIT

2. Contrastive stress

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16
Q

MIT tx

A

(Sparks et al., 1973)

—the intonation of a phrase is emphasized

-uses a structures sequence of tasks, beginning with imitation of rhythmic tap pic patterns and working toward imitation of utterances that are practiced in response to an intoned stimulus

…cues are slowly faded

17
Q

Contrastive stress tx

A

**Wertz, 1984

-people who have mild/mod AOS who need to improve speech naturalness

…through use of stress patterning and intonation
-involves having the speaker produce an utterance with primary or empathetic stress on a particular word

18
Q

tactile/gestural tx

A

-vibrotactile cueing strategies (Rubow et al., 1984)

  • vibratory stimulation used to signal each syllable within target
  • high intensity vibratory stim used to signal primary stress
19
Q

PROMPTS tx

A

** Chumpelik, 1984

  • tactile-kinesthetic cues to facilitate speech
  • uses place, jaw opening, manner cues
20
Q

if very severe could consider ….(tx)

A
  • AAC

- Speech output devices