Approaches to Psychology Flashcards
Who’s ideas and experiments were possibly the greatest single influence upon American psychology during the last years of the nineteenth century?
Sir Frances Galton
Natural Selection
A principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations.
Name the type of psychology that emphasizes the growth potential for one’s personal growth.
Humanistic Psychology
What are the three main levels of analysis?
Biological, psychological, and cultural influences
Biological psychology
Study of physiological, genetic, and developmental mechanisms of behavior in humans and non-human animals
What Russian physiologist pioneered the study of learning?
Ivan Pavlov
The exploration of behavior and thinking through the use of experiments
Experimental Psychology
Psychodynamic Psychology
A branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders.
Darwinism
The theory of the evolution of species by natural selection defined by Charles Darwin
Aristotle, Plato, Descartes, Socrates, and Locke were part of what era of psychology?
Prescientific Psychology
What type of psychology is the study of an individual’s characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and acting?
Personality Psychology
Psychology
The scientific study of the human mind and it’s functions, especially those affecting behavior in a given text.
Treatment from a trained therapist using psychological techniques to help someone overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth
Psychotherapy
What branch of psychology focuses on the interaction of people, machines, and physical environments?
Human factors psychology
Introspection
Examination or observation of one’s own mental and emotional processes
Cognitive Neuroscience
the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language).
What is the branch of psychology that studies the unconscious and how it influences behavior?
Psychodynamic Psychology
Name the study that aims so solve practical problems.
Applied Research
This man did an experiment on human reaction time and lived in 1879
Wilhelm Wundt
Aristotle
Student of Plato, but disagreed with dualism. Believed the mind was a blank slate that experience wrote on.
What is basic research in psychology?
pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base
Empiricism
the view that knowledge originates in experiences and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation
Clinical Psychology
The branch of psychology that deals with assessing and treating mental illness and disabilities.
How behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures.
Social-culture psychology
Structuralism
An early method of psychology that engaged people to self-reflective introspection.
Observation
A remark, statement, or comment based on something one has seen, heard or observed.
Psychiatry
A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders.
Who was Aristotle’s mentor and believed in Dualism?
Plato
What is operant conditioning?
B.F skinner
What type of psychology is the scientific study of human learning?
Educational Psychology
What is behavioral psychology?
Psychology that combines elements of philosophy and methodology
Sigmund Freud
Founding father of psyhoanalysis
Psychometrics
The field study concerned with the theory and technique of psychological mesurment
William James
Born Jan 11 1842
Died August. 26 1910
The first educator to teach psychology in America
What is natural selection
Gradual process by which biological traits become either more or less common in a population
Bio psychology approach
General model or approach positing that biological factors
What is the awareness and understanding of ones own thought process?
Metacognition
What is social psychology?
the study of the manner in which the personality, attitudes, motivations, and behavior of the individual influence and are influenced by social groups
Developmental psychology
A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive and social change throughout a lifespan
4 objectives of psychology
Define, explain, predict, influence
SQ3R
Survey, question, read, rehearse, review
Functionalism
A school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function-how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish
Industrial-organizational psychology
The application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces
The mind and body separate.
Dualism
Rene Descartes
René Descartes was a French philosopher, mathematician and writer who spent most of his life in the Dutch Republic.
Cognitive psychology
Cognitive psychology is a subdiscipline of psychology exploring internal mental processes. It is the study of how people perceive, remember, think, speak, and solve problems.
independent variable
the experimental factor that is manipulated;the variable whose effect is being effected
experimentation:
a research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more to observe the effects on some behavior or mental process.
