Approaches and Models of Health Behaviour Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 heath behaviour models?

A
  1. Health belief model

2. Health acton model

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2
Q

What is the health belief model?

A

A psychological model that attempts to ecplain and predict health behaviours
Explores the fusions of belief and attitudes of individuals in decision making to undertake a health action

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3
Q

What steps does the health belief model say need to e taken before health action occurs?

A
  1. Perceived action
  2. Perceived severity
  3. Perceived benefits
  4. Perceived benefits
  5. Health action
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4
Q

Give an example of the health belief model in action

A

An individual is told they may develop heart disease and they are made aware of the serious consequences of this disease (eg heart attack)
Individual may then believe exercising is an effective way of reducing their risk of developing heart disease
Individual believes the benefits outweigh the barriers (Barriers may be peer pressure, stress etc)
CHANGE IS MADE

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5
Q

What Is the health action model?

A

It encompasses the elements of the health belief model but also emphasises factors that facilitate or inhibit a health decision

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6
Q

What are the 5 approaches we can take to promote health?

A
  1. Medical (preventative) approach
  2. Behavioural Approach
  3. Educational approach
  4. Client centres approach
  5. Societal change approach
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7
Q

Describe the Medical (preventative) approach to health promotion

A

It is the promotion of medical intervention to prevent ill health
But it doesn’t address the underlying cause of the disease

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8
Q

Describe the behavioural approach to health promotion

A

Encourages attitude and behavioural changes to adopt a healthier lifestyle
Is expert led and changes are imposed on the patient so we assume health education will lead to sustained change
BUT can lead to victim blaming

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9
Q

Describe the Educational approach to health promotion

A

Provides into advice and support patients
Allows the Individuals to have more knowledge and understanding so that they can make an informed decision
Provides the right of free choice
Largely expert led
BUT ignores barriers to change

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10
Q

Describe the client centres approach to health promotion

A

Working with the cline ton their terms
This means the client identifies their problems and sets the agenda
Helps develop self confidence

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11
Q

Describe the societal change approach to health promotion

A

Acknowledges the physical, socioeconomic and environmental factors
Enables CHOICE of healthy life
Requires changes in policies, political support and social action
BUT many professionals feel uncomfortable getting involved in politics

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12
Q

Give examples of some medical approaches that can be implemented

A

Screening for diseases

Smoking cessation

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13
Q

Give examples of some behavioural approaches that can be implemented

A

Smoking cessation
Oral health info
Advice

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14
Q

Give examples of some Educational approaches that can be implemented

A

School based oral health education programmes

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15
Q

Give examples of some client centred approaches that can be implemented

A

Counselling
Support groups
Community development

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16
Q

Give examples of some Societal change approaches that can be implemented

A

Social movements

changing social norms EG making smoking socially unacceptable