Approaches

Question 1

What is meant by the behaviourist approach?

Answer 1

A way of explaining behaviour in terms of what is observable and in terms of learning

Question 2

What is meant by classical conditioning?

Answer 2

Learning by association. Occurs when an unconditioned stimulus and a neutral stimulus are paired. The neutral stimulus eventually produces the same response that was first produced by the unlearned stimulus alone.

Question 3

What is meant by operant conditioning?

Answer 3

Learning by reinforcement (rewards and punishment). A form of learning in which behaviour is shaped and maintained by its consequence. Possible consequences of behaviour include positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement or punishment

Question 4

What is meant by reinforcement?

Answer 4

A consequence of behaviour that increases the likelihood of that behaviour being repeated. Can be positive or negative.