Approaches

Question 1

This is a collection of parts that operate interdependently to achieve a common purpose.

Answer 1

System

Question 2

Define open systems.

Answer 2

these are made up of interdependent, inter-related and interactive sub-systems.

Question 3

What are ‘Inputs’?

Answer 3

Inputs are systems that are open and dynamic. It interacts with the environment surrounding it and receives the new energy.

Question 4

Explain how systems transform ‘inputs’ to ‘outputs’.

Answer 4

For instance, materials inputted to process- this is- decision making, leadership, production line and coordination to output a CD player.

Question 5

What is Equifinality?

Answer 5

This is using different ways to arrive at a designated goal.

Question 6

What is entropy?

Answer 6

This is when a system doesn’t adapt. It decays and dies.

Question 7

________ is a system that regularly exchanges feedback with its external environment. Therefore, to open systems, inputs, outputs, processes, goals, assessment and evaluation and learning are all important.

Answer 7

Open system

Question 8

What type of boundaries d open systems have?

Answer 8

Porous Boundaries

Question 9

What are porous boundaries?

Answer 9

This is a boundary that feedback is readily exchangeable and understood.

Question 10

What system has hard boundaries?

Answer 10

Closed Systems

Question 11

Define hard boundaries.

Answer 11

This is when little feedback is exchanged.

Question 12

Examples of closed boundaries.

Answer 12

Bureaucracy, monopolies and stagnating systems.

Question 13

Explain close systems.

Answer 13

These are closed off from the environment and all interaction and knowledge is shared within that close system only. This can hamper growth as they can’t get feedback from outsiders.

Question 14

Corporate management is built on a closed system called _____

Answer 14

Machine bureaucracy

Question 15

What is the contingency approach to management?

Answer 15

This is an effort to determine through research which managerial techniques and practices are appropriate in specific situations.

Question 16

Another name for contingency approach.

Answer 16

Situational approach to management

Question 17

The _______ is usually applied to the design and structure of an organization, to the concept of leadership, to group dynamics, to power relation and to work design.

Answer 17

contingency approach

Question 18

Define Total Quality Management.

Answer 18

A core definition of this describes a management approach to long-term success through customer satisfaction. In TQM effort, all members of an organization participate in improving processes, products, services, and the culture in which they work.

Question 19

List the 8 principles of TQM.

Answer 19

Customer-focused, process centered, total employee involvement, integrated system, communication, facts-based decision making, continual improvement and strategic and systematic approach.

Question 19

List the 8 principles of TQM.

Answer 19

Customer-focused, process centered, total employee involvement, integrated system, communication, facts-based decision making, continual improvement and strategic and systematic approach.

Question 20

What did Peter M. Senge develop?

Answer 20

The concept of a learning organization

Question 21

Who is the founding chairman of The Society of Organizational Learning?

Answer 21

Peter M. Senge

Question 22

What is a learning organization?

Answer 22

This is an organization that encourages and facilitates learning in order to continually transform itself to survive and excel in a rapidly changing business environment.

Question 23

5 characteristics of a learning organization.

Answer 23

System thinking, model making, personal mastery, shared vision and team learning.