Approach to Neuro Exam Basic Flashcards
1
Q
A&O x1 vs x2 vs x3 vs x4
A
x1: person
x2: person and place
x3: person, place and time
x4 person, place, time, event
2
Q
Delirium vs Dementia
A
Delirium: reversible
-screen usng CAM
Demential: nonreversible
-nee to eliminate depression and dementia before diagnosis
3
Q
CN III lesions
A
- ptosis
- pupillary dilation
- external strabismus (down and out eye)
4
Q
CN IV lesions
A
- exotropia
- weakness of downward gaze
- double vision looking down (diplopia)
- head tilt to opposite side of lesion
5
Q
CN VI lesions
A
- inability to ABduct eye, medial strabismus
- horizontal diplopia
6
Q
Nystagmus
A
-horizontal, vertical, rotatory
Causes: vision impairment, drug toxicity, disorder of cerebellar systems
7
Q
CN V lesions
A
- decreased sensation to face
- loss of corneal reflex
- weakness of masticators
- jaw deviates toward weak side
- can see trigeminal neuralgia
8
Q
CN VII lesions
A
- bells palsy: whole face
- Central 7: spares forehead, can wrinkle, associate with hemiplegia
- loss of corneal reflex
- croc tears: regen of nerve after trauma
9
Q
CN VIII lesions
A
- dysequilibrium
- nystagmus
- sensineural hearing loss
- tinnitus in irritative lesions
10
Q
Test for CN IX and X
A
- listen for hoarseness
- check gag reflex (rare)
- swallowing
- say AHHH
11
Q
CN IX lesions
A
- loss of gag
- loss of sensation in post 1/3 tongue and pharynx
- slight dysphagia
12
Q
CN X lesions
A
- Dysphonia
- Dysphagia
- Dyspnea
- Loss of gag or cough reflex
13
Q
CN XI lesion
A
SCM paralysis turn head to opposite side
cant shrug shoulder
14
Q
CN Documentation
A
CN II-XII intact to testing
15
Q
Cortical Sensations
- Sterognosis
- Graphesthesia
- Two pt discrim
- extinction
A
- Sterognosis: id shapes, objects
- Graphesthesia: id numbers written in palm
- Two pt discrim: distinguish being touched by one or two points
- extinction: feel two locations simultaneously
