Approach to Eye Complaint Flashcards
Relevant PMH
- glaucoma
- diabetes mellitus
- thyroid disease
- ASCD
- HIV
Relevant Meds
- Steroids
- Plaquenil
- Antihistamines
- Antidepressants
- Antipsychotics
- Anthiarrhythmics
- Beta Blockers
External Eye Inspection
- eyebrows
- periorbital
- eyelids/lashes
- eyebrows
- periorbital area: allergic shiners, Xanthelasma, lipoatrophy or lipohypertrophy, proptosis/exophthalamos, rash, dacrocystitis
- eyelids/lashes: scabs, erythema, ptosis
Chalazion versus Hordeolum
Chalazion: LID
-blocked Meibomian gland and nontender
Hordeolum: LASHLINE
-blocked Meibomian gland, tender
Blepharitis
- inflammation at base of hair follicles or allergies
- crusty yellow scales on lashes
- warm washcloths
Lacrimal Apparatus
-Dacrocystitis: inflamed lacrimal apparatus
Pterygium
-starts medially
Conjuctivitis
Viral or bacterial
-swollen eyelids, discharge, red eyes
Cornea
- check for brown tint: blood in AC
- corneal abrasions
- invert if there is a potential foreign body
Arcus Senilis
-white linear lipid deposition encircling iris
check cholesterol
Lens
-check red reflex, cataracts
Sclera
- Brown or gray spots: can be birthmarks or increased risk of glaucoma
- blue: brittle bone disease
- yellow: liver problems, pancreatic cancer
Cover/Uncover Test
-stare straight and cover one eye and observe uncovered eye converge on point
-remove cover and watch new uncovered eye fixate
Esotropia: eyes turn in
Exotropia: eyes turn out
Dilating Pupils with Rx Drop concern
-never dilate if pt has shallow anterior chamber–can trigger glaucoma
Cotton Wool Spots
diabetes
-white lesions in spots
