approach to children with diarrhea Flashcards
what constitutes diarrhea in children (quantify)
- more than or equal to 3 loose stools per day
Villi are present where in the GI tract
Small and large intestine
How much fluid is absorbed by the colon
> 90% max 4.5 L per day
How much fluid comes out at the end of the gut
200mL
3 mechanisms by which sodium is taken up by entero and colocytes
1) SGLT-1 transpporter
2) Na+ electrochemical gradient
3) Cation and anion exchanger
Na+ electrogenic gradient is important in which 2 areas of the gut
Distal colon
Ileum
Most important transporter for “secretory” activity in the gut is
CFTR - Cholride OUT - sodium follows
2 ways in which electrolyte transport is regulated
1) Octreotide
2) Aldo (Na/ATPase)
3) -inins
3 intracellular mechanisms by which chloride and sodium pumped out leading to increased secretion
- cAMP
- c GMP
- Ca/protein kinase
Ion absorption most often occurs in the
intestinal villi
secretion in the crypts
3 ways in which absorption can be affected
1) increased motlity/less time
2) inflammatory process/less villi
3) luminal solute
3 things that can cause an osmotic gradient in the lumen
fats
carbs
proteins
the only 2 carbs that can be absorbed by the gut directly
- glucose/galactose (SGLT-1)
- fructose (glut5)
features of secretory diarrhea
- Large volume- no response to FASTING
- Normal anion gap
which part of the intestine responsible for secretory diarrhea
small intestine
