APPROACH TO ANTIBIOTICS

Question 1

Gram + Rods (4)

Answer 1

Listeria
Corynebacterium
Bacillus
Lactobacillus

Question 2

Gram + Cocci (3)

Answer 2

Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Enterococcus

Question 3

Gram - Cocci (2)

Answer 3

Meningococcus
Moraxella catarhalis

Question 4

List the basic classes of drugs

Answer 4

Penicillins
Carbapenems
Cephalosporins
Macrolides
Vancomycin
Fluoroquinolones
Aminoglycosides
Clindamycin
Metronidazole

Question 5

5 drugs used for pseudomonas

Answer 5

Carbapenems (meropenem, imipenem)

Pip-Tazo

Cefepime

Fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin)

Aminoglycosides (Tobramycin, Gentamycin)

Question 6

Pseudomonas Risk

Answer 6

Structural lung disease (e.g. bronchiectasis, tracheostomy, or very severe COPD with frequent exacerbations).
Broad-spectrum antibiotics for >7 days within past month.
Hospitalization with IV antibiotics for >1 day within past three months.
Immunocompromise (e.g. chemotherapy, chronic use of >10 mg prednisone daily).
Nursing home resident with poor functional status.
History of pseudomonas infection or colonization

Question 7

Broad Spectrum Antibiotics. Penicillin allergy?

Answer 7

Meropenem or Pip-Tazo

Pen allergy: Carbapenem (meropenem) OR Vancomycin, Cipro, Flagyl

Question 8

Bugs that Carbapenems and Pip-Tazo don’t cover. What covers these Bugs?

Answer 8

MRSA
Staph Epidermidis
Enterococcus Faecium
Use Vancomycin

Clostridium Difficile
Use Flagyl

Atypicals: Chlamydia, Legionella, Mycoplasma
Use Fluoroquinolones

Question 9

5 classes with gram + coverage

Answer 9

Vancomycin
Penicillin
First Gen Cephalosporin (Ancef)

Carbapenems (Meropenem, Ertapenem)
Pip-Tazo

Question 10

2 classes for anaerobic coverage

Answer 10

Above the diaphragm: Clindamycin

Below the diaphragm:
Flagyl