Applied Ethics Flashcards

1
Q

Utilitarianism Simulated Killing

A

Generally fine
- No causal link between SK and violence, just between aggression and risk taking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Act Utilitarianism Eating Animals

A

Bentham says animals can feel + understand pain
- So if an animal is killed humanely, painless way it’s justified

However this rarely happens so usually unjustifiable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Rule Utilitarianism Eating animals

A

Animals aren’t morally significant enough and it benefits society (makes people who ARE morally significant healthier)

So it’s justified

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Utilitarianism lying + stealing

A

Depends on situation

If lying/stealing bring more pleasure than the pain it brings, it’s justified

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Meta-Ethics “Lying/stealing is wrong”

A

Prescriptivism: You shouldn’t lie/steal
Error theory: It’s wrong to say lying/stealing is wrong because all moral properties are wrong
Emotivism: Expressing an emotion that we feel lying/stealing is wrong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Deontology First Formulation: Lying+Stealing

A

Always wrong

It’s a contradiction in will as if everyone lied and stole it would negatively effect you

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Deontology Second formulation: Lying/Stealing

A

Always Wrong

It’s using people as a means to an end:

  • Lying: Not giving people all the facts so therefore not protecting their will
  • Stealing: Again not protecting their will as you are taking something from them
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Deontology Simulated killing: First + Second Formulation

A
  • First: May cause a contradiction in will.
    If everyone participated in SK a lot, there would be no one to sow crops etc
  • Second: Wouldn’t use people as a means to an end as the actors consent to playing the role.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Deontology Eating animals

A

Kant says animals aren’t rational thinkers, so not morally significant, so it’s justified.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Virtue Ethicist view on Stealing + Lying

A

Permissible as long as it’s in virtue.

  • e.g. lying when not needed is a vice and therefore unjustified

Use practical wisdom.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Virtue Ethics: Simulated killing

A

Aristotle states SK can be a form of catharsis; a way to practice experiencing right emotions when seeing killing as part of forming practical wisdom.

Eg feeling disgust at gore instead of enjoyment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Virtue Ethics: Eating animals

A

Similar to what Aristotle says about SK - allows us to practise courage when killing animals.

Justified if in virtue:

  • eg JP eating only meat to make a point to the vegans and ends up in coma. Practical wisdom is off, vice of excess.
  • eg vegan on a desert island and only food is meat, but they don’t eat it. Practical wisdom is off, vice of stubbornness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly