applications Flashcards
Laser definition
Laser amplification by Stimulated emission of radiation
a device which produced light of a single colour with all waves travelling parallel to each other
Laser theory origin
einstin proposed the theory that electrons can be stimulated to a higher energy state and then retun to thier original state.
how do lasers work?
an electron requires a photon of specific energy to excite it to a higher energy level.
An excited electron is hit by a specific energy of photon to return to an original level, while releasing a photon of the same energy
BOSE hypothesis and what is it?
hypothesis: if a collection of atoms were cold enough, all atoms would be in the lowest possible quantum energy state, therefore have identical energy
The atoms will occupy the same space at the same time
sciencetists call this a condensate (BOSE-Einstien condensate) or BEC
What is BEC + Properties?
a state of matter that consists of a pile of atoms at the same place at the same time
BEC only consists of temps within a few billionths of a degree of absolute zero.
applications of BEC
No one yet knows how condensates can be applicable for practical uses.
In 1995, scientists were able to ccreate the first condensate.
MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imagery–> medical tools where magnetic fields interact with atoms in a human body to produce images.
How do MRI’s work?
Use a strong magnetic field –> cause m fields of the H atoms to align in the same direction as the outside magnetic field.
Radio transmitters apply varying radiowaves –> certain frequencies of waves are absorbed when radio-frequency photons cause the magnetic fields of the molecule to flip.
scanner detects these changes in the spectrum of radiowaves and a computer converts these changes into an image.
