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Nursing Exam 4 > Application Questions- Chapter 41 > Flashcards

Application Questions- Chapter 41 Flashcards

0
Q

What is the normal range for Potassium?

A

3.5- 5.0 mEq/L

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1
Q

What is the normal range for Sodium?

A

136- 145 mEq/L

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2
Q

What is the normal range for Bicarbonate?

A

22- 26mEq/L

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3
Q

What happens to cells in a hypotonic solution?

A

They swell

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4
Q

What happens to cells in a hypertonic solution?

A

They shrink

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5
Q

If a patient has the following symptoms, which imbalance do you suspect they have?
Sudden weight loss (overnight)
Oliguria
Flat and collapsing neck veins

A

ECV deficit

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6
Q

If a patient has the following symptoms, which imbalance do you suspect they have?
Apprehension
Headache
Decreased LOC

A

Hyponatremia

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7
Q 
If a patient has the following symptoms, which imbalance do you suspect they have? 
Extreme thirst
Postural Hypotension
Oliguria
Fever
Dry mucous membranes
A

Clinical Dehydration

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8
Q 
If a patient has the following symptoms, which imbalance do you suspect they have? 
Extreme thirst
Flushed, dry skin
Fever
Agitation
A

Hypernatremia

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9
Q 
If a patient has the following symptoms, which imbalance do you suspect they have? 
Edmea (including pulmonary)
Full neck veins in upright position
Crackles in lungs
Sudden weight gain (overnight)
A

ECV excess

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10
Q

If you know the patent has an adrenal insufficiency, increased GI output, or a recent burn, which imbalance do you suspect?

A

ECV deficit

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11
Q

If the patient has SIADH, has received a tap water enema, or has psychogenic polydispia, which imbalance do you suspect?

A

Hyponatremia

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12
Q

If the patient has an ADH deficiency, cannot respond to thirst, or overuses table salts, which imbalance do you suspect?

A

Hypernatremia

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13
Q

If the patient has chronic heart failure, cirrhosis, or oliguric acute kidney disease, which imbalance do you suspect?

A

ECV excess

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14
Q

Which foods do you suggest to a patient who needs an increased intake of potassium?

A 
Fruits
Potatoes
Instant Coffee
Molasses
Brazil Nuts
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15
Q

Which foods would you suggest to a patient who needs increased calcium intake?

A

Dairy
Canned fish (w/ bones)
Broccoli
Oranges

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16
Q

Which foods do you suggest to a patient who needs increase Magnesium intake?

A

Dark green leafy vegetables

Whole grains

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17
Q

Which foods do you suggest to a patient who needs increased phosphate intake?

A

Milk

Processed foods

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18
Q

If a patient has the following symptom,which imbalance do you suspect they have?
Weakness of respiratory muscles

A

Hypokalemia

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19
Q

If a patient has the following symptom, which imbalance do you suspect they have?
Numbness and tingling of fingers and circumoral area

A

Hypocalcemia

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20
Q

If a patient has the following symptom, which imbalance do you suspect they have?
Insomnia

A

Hypomagnesemia

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21
Q

If a patient has the following symptom, which imbalance do you suspect they have?
Flushing and warmth

A

Hypermagnesemia

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22
Q

If a patient has the following symptom, which imbalance do you suspect they have?
Muscle weakness with transient abdominal cramps and diarrhea

A

Hyperkalemia

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23
Q

If a patient has the following symptom, which imbalance do you suspect they have?
Laryngospasm

A

Hypocalcemia

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24
If a patient has the following symptom, which imbalance do you suspect they have? Decreased bowel sounds
Hypokalemia
25
If a patient has the following symptom, which imbalance do you suspect they have? Anorexia with nausea and vomiting
Hypercalcemia
26
If a patient has the following symptom, which imbalance do you suspect they have? Abdominal distention
Hypokalemia
27
If a patient has the following symptom, which imbalance do you suspect they have? Personality changes
Hypercalcemia
28
If a patient has the following symptoms, which imbalance do you suspect they have? Grimacing and dysphagia
Hypomagnesemia
29
If a patient has the following symptoms, which imbalance do you suspect they have? Hypertension and tachycardia
Hypomagnesemia
30
If a patient has the following symptom, which imbalance do you suspect they have? Bradycardia and hypotension
Hypermagnesemia
31
The patient has the following disease, you know this is MOST COMMONLY associated with: Cancer
Hypercalcemia
32
The patient has the following disease, you know this is MOST COMMONLY associated with: End stage renal disease
Hypermagnesemia
33
The patient has the following disease, you know this is MOST COMMONLY associated with: Oliguria
Hyperkalemia
34
The patient has the following disease, you know this is MOST COMMONLY associated with: Pancreatitis
Hypocalcemia
35
The patient has the following, you know this is MOST COMMONLY associated with: Pathological Fractures
Hypercalcemia
36
Normal blood pH:
7.35- 7.45
37
Normal PaCO2:
35- 45 mm Hg
38
Normal HCO3-:
22- 26 mEq/L
39
Normal PaO2:
80- 100 mm Hg
40
Normal SaO2:
95- 100%
41
The patient has the following disease, you know this is associated with: COPD
Respiratory Acidosis
42
The patient has the following, you know this is associated with Meningitis
Respiratory Alkalosis
43
The patient has the following disease, you know this is associated with Diabetes Insipidus
Hypernatremia
44
A patient has the following symptoms, you suspect which imbalance? Light-headedness, tingling of the fingers and circumoral region, excitement and confusion followed by decreased LOC
Metabolic Alkalosis
45
A patient has the following symptoms, you suspect which imbalance? Increased rate and depth of respirations with lethargy and confusion.
Metabolic acidosis
46
A patient has the following symptoms, you suspect which imbalance? Numbness and tingling of extremities and circumoral region with hyperventilation
Respiratory Alkalosis
47
A patient has the following symptoms, you suspect which imbalance? Headache, flushed skin, and muscular twitching
Respiratory Acidosis
48
A patient is hyperventilating, you know this is a classic sign of which acid-base imbalance?
Respiratory Alkalosis
49
Vomiting and gastric suctioning are common causes of this acid-base imbalance:
Metabolic Alkalosis
50
pH: 7.56 CO2: 28 HCO3: 25
Respiratory Alkalosis
51
pH: 7.6 CO2: 31 HCO3: 12
Respiratory Alkalosis
52
pH: 7.5 CO2: 23 HCO3: 25
Respiratory Alkalosis
53
pH: 7.35 CO2: 40 HCO3: 25
Normal
54
pH: 7.3 CO2: 37 HCO3: 15
Metabolic Acidosis
55
pH: 7.2 CO2:23 HCO3: 12
Metabolic Acidosis
56
pH: 7.65 CO2: 22 HCO3: 19
Respiratory Alkalosis
57
pH: 7.55 CO2: 52 HCO3: 34
Metabolic Alkalosis
58
pH: 7.9 CO2: 50 HCO3: 29
Metabolic Alkalosis
59
pH: 7.7 CO2: 23 HCO3: 21
respiratory Alkalosis
60
pH: 7.8 CO2:46 HCO3: 30
Metabolic Alkalosis
61
pH: 7.2 CO2: 51 HCO3: 24
Respiratory Acidosis
62
pH: 7.1 CO2: 47 HCO3: 18
Metabolic Acidosis
63
pH: 7.9 CO2: 30 HCO3: 20
Respiratory Alkalosis
64
pH: 7.12 CO2: 32 HCO3: 20
Metabolic Acidosis
65
pH: 7. 6 CO2: 30 HCO3: 20
Respiratory Alkalosis
66
pH: 7.8 CO2: 39 HCO3: 32
Metabolic Alkalosis
67
pH: 7.23 CO2: 32 HCO3: 20
Metabolic Acidosis
68
pH: 7.56 CO2: 30 HCO3:24
Respiratory Alkalosis
69
pH: 7.8 CO2: 38 HCO3: 28
Metabolis Alkalosis
70
A patient who recently had surgery (is in the fourth postoperative day) is most likely to have which of these? Select all that apply: 1. Increased Osmolality 2. Decreased Osmolality 3. Increased ECV 4. Decreased ECV 5. Hyperkalemia 6. Hypokalemia
2, 3, 6 (Page 897)
71
bacterial Pneumonia is most likely to cause which imbalance? 1. Hypernatremia 2. Respitory Acidosis 3. Respirtory Alkalosis 4. Hyponatremia
2 (page 897)
72
Burns are most likely to place a patient at risk for which imbalance? 1. Hyperkalemia 2. Metabolic Acidosis 3. ECV deficit 4. Respiratory Alkalosis
3.
73
A crush injury is most likely to cause which imbalance? 1. Hypokalemia 2. Hyponatremia 3. Hypernatremia 4. Hyperkalemia
4
74
Head injuries cause which imbalances? 1. Fluid Imbalances 2. Osmolality Imbalances 3. Electrolyte imbalances
2.
75
Patients with chronic heart failure are most likely to experience which imbalances? 1. Hypokalemia and ECV excess 2. Hypernatremia and ECV deficit 3. Hyperkalemia and ECV deficit 4. Hypernatremia and ECV excess
1.
76
Which patient would need to restrict intake of fluids and electrolytes? 1. Patient with cancer 2. Patient with head trauma 3. Patient with heart failure 4. Patient with end-stage renal disease
4
77
ADH deficiency is associated with which Fluid Imbalance?
Hypernatremia
78
SIADH (excessive ADH) is associated with which Fluid Imbalance?
Hyponatremia
79
Parkinson's disease is associated with which Fluid Imbalance?
Hypernatremia

Nursing Exam 4 (2 decks)

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