Application of sedatives, analgesics and anaesthetics Flashcards
What is used for sedation/premedication in cat? How is it given?
Triple combination - IM
Medetomidine
Ketamine
Opioid (buprenorphine or methadone)
Cats are given a triple combination as premedicaiton/sedation, one part of which is an opioid. What are the 2 options and their advantages?
Buprenorphine - longer acting
Methadone - better anaglesia
How can cat anaesthesia be induced?
Ketamine in triple combination
Or alfaxalone/propofol
What are the advantages and disadvantages of propofol/alfaxalone for induction?
Propofol - blocks baroreceptors = drop in blood pressure. cheaper but need more
Alfaxalone - doesn’t block baroreceptor - maintains CO. Less of a respiratory depressant. More expensive but need less
What effect do propofol and alfaxalone have on blood vessels?
Both cause vasodilation
What do repeated doses of induction agent cause in cats?
Heinz body anaemia
Slower recovery
Dogs often have ketamine as co-induction agent. Why?
Requires lower dose of alfaxalone/propofl
Improves analgesia
Why do isoflurane and sevoflurane need the minimum dose possible?
Cause vasodilation = hypotension
Cause respiratory depression
Why are injectable agents not used often for maintenance?
Depth of anaesthesia laters
Recoveries slower
What are the pros and cons to using isoflurane or sevorflurane?
Isoflurane - cheaper, need less as lower MAC
Sevoflurane - faster onset, more expensive
What should be given in addition to premed? Why do some people give this after surgery?
NSAID - works better at preventing pain
After surgery reduces side effects e.g. hypo perfusion
What is a local block?
Additional local anaesthetic during GA
E.g. lidocaine into testes for analgesia
