Appliances for TMD Management Flashcards

1
Q

Occlusal appliance: General

A
  • Hard acrylic device
  • removable
  • covers occlusal/incisal surface of teeth
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2
Q

Occlusal Appliances are commonly known as?

A
  • Occlusal splint
  • bite guard
  • night guard
  • interocclusal appliance
  • orthopedic devide (orthotic)
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3
Q

What is the purpose of occlusal appliances?

A
  • temporary stabilize or improve TMJ Function
    • condyles= most ortho stable joint position
  • Improve masticatory m. fxn
    • reduce muscle activity
  • Protect teeth and support structures from abnormal forces
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4
Q

What are the different types of occlusal splints?

A
  • Stabilization appliance
  • Anterior Repositions appliance
  • Anterior Bite Plane
  • Posterior Bite Plane
  • Soft or Resilient Appliance
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5
Q

Stabilization appliance: General

A
  • aka Bite Guard
  • Covers entire arch (Full coverage)
  • Occludes with all opposing teeth
  • Occlusal surface
    • flat
    • indentation of opposing cusp tips
  • Maxillary Appliance
    • most common
  • Mandibular Appliance
    • Esthetic reasons
    • Class 3 malocclusion
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6
Q

Stabilization Appliance: Indications

A
  • muscle pain disorders
    • local muscle soreness
    • central mediated myalgia
  • Stress
    • ⇣ parafunctional activity
  • Retrodiscitis secondary to trauma
    • minimize forces to damaged tissue→ better healing
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7
Q

Stabilization Appliance: Main Purpose

A
  • Provide occlusal and joint stability
  • reduce parafunctional activity
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8
Q

Anterior Repositioning Appliance: General

A
  • Move mandible forward
    • properly aligned discs
    • eliminate pain and joint noise
  • Goal:
    • temporary alter position of mandible
    • enhance retrodiscal tissue adaptation
      • discontinue after adaptation
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9
Q

Anterior Repositioning Appliance: Indications

A
  • Disc displacement w/reduction
  • intermittent or chronic joint locking
  • Inflammatory disorders
    • ex: Retrodiscitis
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10
Q

Anterior Bite Plane: General

A
  • Hard acrylic appliance
  • Covers maxillary teeth
    • occludes only mandibular anterior teeth
  • disengages posterior teeth
    • No influence on the masticatory system
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11
Q

Anterior Bite Plane: Indications

A
  • Treat Muscle Disorders
  • Parafunctional activity
    • Short periods only
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12
Q

Anterior Bite Plane: Side Effects

A
  • Supra-eruption of unopposed teeth
  • Results in anterior open bite
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13
Q

NTI

A
  • AKA Nociceptic Trigeminal Inhibition Tension Suppression System (NTI TSS)
  • Anterior Bite plane
    • only anterior central incisors occlude
  • Use to manage Headache
  • Greater risk of permanent occlusion change vs stabilization appliance
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14
Q

Posterior Bite Plane: General

A
  • Hard acrylic appliance
    • Made for mandibular teeth
    • covers posterior teeth
    • connected by cast metal lingual bar
  • Dont use:
    • Long term
    • Constant
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14
Q

Posterior Bite Plane: Indications

A
  • Severe loss of Vertical dimension
  • Improve Athletic performance by atheletes
    • no evidence
  • Disc derangement disorders
    • not studied enough
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15
Q

Posterior Bite Plane: Side Effects

A
  • Supra-eruption of unopposed teeth
  • Intrusion of occluded teeth
16
Q

Pivoting Splint: General

A
  • Hard Acrylic Device
  • covers one arch
    • 1 posterior contact in each quad
      • as posterior as possible
17
Q

Pivoting Splint: Indications

A
  • Unload articular surface of the joint
    • by decreasing inter-articular pressure
  • sound joints
  • Symptoms realted to degenerative joint diseases
18
Q

Soft Splints: General

A
  • Made w/resilient material
    • adapted to maxillary teeth
  • Goal: Achieve even & simultaneous contact w/opposing teeth
    • difficult to accomplish, bc hard to adjust soft materials
19
Q

Soft Splints: Indications

A
  • Protective athletic splint
    • Decrease damage to teeth from Trauma
  • Clenching & Bruxism
    • ⇡ nocturnal masseter EMG activity
  • Chronic Sinusitis→ results in sensitive posterior teeth
    • Helps decrease symptoms while definitive tx is for sinusitis