Apple Pie - 7 tools QC

Question 1

Prevention Cost

Answer 1

Incurred to prevent quality problems

These costs r associated with the quality management system’s design, implementation, and maintenance. Planned n incurred before the actual operation

Ex: Quality planning n assurance

Question 2

Appraisal Cost

Answer 2

Appraisal cost refers to expenses incurred for evaluating and ensuring product or service quality.

Ex: Checking of incoming n outcoming materials

Question 3

Internal failure cost

Answer 3

Cost that is incurred to rectify the defects detected before the products or service delivered to the customers.

Rework - correction of the defects part
Scrap - cannot be repaired and must be thrown away lmao

Question 4

External failure cost

Answer 4

Cost that is incurred to rectify the defects detected after the products or service delivered to the customers. (detected outside the firm)

Warranty for failed prod
Customer complaints
Return n repair

Question 5

PDCA

Answer 5

Plan -> What and how to do
Do -> DO what was planned
Check -> Check if the things happened according to the plans
Act -> How to improve next time

Question 6

Continous improvement

Answer 6

TQM requires a never-ending process of continuous improvement. Covers : SPEMP
Suppliers People Equipment Materials Procedures

Question 7

Six Sigma

Answer 7

Highly Disciplined process to develop resulting in delivery almost perfect product and services with the defect <3.4% from 1,000,000 opportunities.

Opportunity : chance for non-conformance

Question 8

7 tools QC

Answer 8

Check Sheet
Recording collection data of checksheet and marking the data by ticking on the checksheet

used for :counted data

Cause n Effect
FInd possible causes of problems.
If the causes of problems already found , can solve accurately
5M1P
Materials, methods, measurement, manpower, Machine, Environment

Statistical Process Control
Analyse how data of a process varies over time

Control limit which are 3 standard deviation above and below average

Common cause : Intrinsic to process (naturally happen and always present)

Special cause : out of stats control

Flowcharts
Process graphically for every steps in sequence. Identify the critical point of process therefore control measures can be carried out

Question 9

KAIZEN

Answer 9

Continual improvement