Appendicular Skeleton PP Flashcards
Memorize
What are the functions of fins and limbs?
Stability in water (roll, pitch, yaw control).
Terrestrial locomotion (walking, running, jumping).
Roll
axis movement
Pitch
forward and backward motion
Yaw
side to side movement
What is the fin-fold theory?
The hypothesis that paired fins evolved from continuous lateral fin folds
What are the three parts of a vertebrate limb?
Stylopodium, Zeugopodium, Autopodium
Stylopodium
Upper limb (humerus, femur)
Zeugopodium
Forearm/leg (radius-ulna, tibia-fibula)
Autopodium
Hands/feet with digits
What are the main theories of flight evolution?
Arboreal Theory, Cursorial Theory, Insect-Net Hypothesis
Arboreal Theory
Flight evolved from gliding ancestors
Cursorial Theory
Running and wing-assisted incline running led to powered flight
Insect-Net Hypothesis
Early wings evolved to catch insects
How do muscle adaptations differ in vertebrates
Fish: Myomeres allow efficient swimming.
Tetrapods: Appendicular muscles support movement on land.
Locomotion Types: Cursorial (running), Fossorial (digging), Saltatorial (jumping), Aerial (flying).
