Appendicular Skeleton & Joints

Question 1

bending a joint to decrease its angle

Answer 1

flexion

Question 2

straightening a joint to increase angle

Answer 2

extension

Question 3

excessive extension of joint, beyond the normal range of movement

Answer 3

hyperextension

Question 4

moving towards the midline

Answer 4

adduction

Question 5

moving away from the midline

Answer 5

abduction

Question 6

movement of extremity in a circular motion

Answer 6

circumduction

Question 7

movement of a bone around a central axis/ long axis

(ex: twisting of the vertebral column)

Answer 7

rotation

Question 8

palm facing down

(“pro” basketball player- dribbling)

Answer 8

pronation

Question 9

palm facing up

(“soup”- bowl of soup)

Answer 9

supination

Question 10

sole of foot is turned toward the midline

Answer 10

inversion

Question 11

sole of foot is turned laterally, away from the midline

Answer 11

eversion

Question 12

anterior motion of the scapula or mandible

Answer 12

protraction

Question 13

posterior motion of the scapula or mandible

Answer 13

retraction

Question 14

movement that brings the top of the foot toward the anterior leg

Answer 14

dorsiflexion

Question 15

heel is lifted off the ground

Answer 15

plantar flexion

Question 16

appendicular skeleton

Answer 16

-pectoral girdle
-upper/ lower extremities
-pelvic girdle

Question 17

scapula

Answer 17

-acromion
-coracoid process
-suprascapular notch
-infraspinous fossa
-supraspinous fossa
-spine
-glenoid cavity

Question 18

clavicle

Answer 18

-conoid tubercle
-medial/ sternal end
-lateral/ acromial end

Question 19

humerus

Answer 19

-head
-anatomical neck
-surgical neck
-greater tubercle
-lesser tubercle
-intertubercular groove
-deltoid tuberosity
-medial epicondyle
-lateral epicondyle
-capitulum
-trochlea
-olecranon fossa
-coronoid fossa
-radial fossa

Question 20

radius

Answer 20

-head
-radial tuberosity
-styloid process of radius
-ulnar notch

Question 21

ulna

Answer 21

-head
-olecranon process
-coronoid process
-trochlear notch
-radial notch
-styloid process of ulna

Question 22

carpals

Answer 22

(8 bones arranged in 2 rows)

-scaphoid
-lunate
-triquetrum
-pisiform
-trapezium
-trapezoid
-capitate
-hamate

Question 23

metacarpals

Answer 23

(heads are the knuckles)

numbered 1-5, thumb to pinky

Question 24

phalanges

Answer 24

(each finger has 3 phalanges, except the thumb x2)

-proximal
-middle
-distal

numbered 1-5, thumb to pinky

Question 25

Two os coxae, unite anteriorly at the pubic symphysis

Answer 25

pelvic girdle

Question 26

ilium

Answer 26

-auricular surface
-iliac crest
-greater sciatic notch
-iliac fossa
-anterior superior iliac spine
-posterior superior iliac spine
-anterior inferior iliac spine
-posterior inferior iliac spine

Question 27

ischium

Answer 27

-ischial tuberosity
-ischial spine
-lesser sciatic notch
-ischial ramus

Question 28

pubis

Answer 28

(most anterior portion of the pelvic girdle)

-pubic symphysis
-inferior pubic ramus
-superior pubic ramus
-pubic arch

Question 29

other regions

Answer 29

-obturator foramen
-pelvic brim
-lesser/true pelvis (pelvis below the brim)
-greater/false pelvis (pelvis above the brim)
-acetabulum

Question 30

masculinized pelvis characteristics

Answer 30

-vertical iliac bones
-subpubic angle < 90 degrees
-deep iliac fossa
-heart-shaped pelvic inlet

Question 31

feminized pelvis characteristics

Answer 31

-less vertical iliac bones
-subpubic angle > 90 degrees
-shallow iliac fossa
-round pelvic inlet

Question 32

femur

Answer 32

-head
-fovea capitis
-neck
-greater trochanter
-lesser trochanter
-intertrochanteric line
-intertrochanteric crest
-linea aspera
-lateral epicondyle
-medial epicondyle
-adductor tubercle
-lateral condyle
-medial condyle
-intercondylar fossa
-patellar surface

Question 33

patella

Answer 33

-apex

Question 34

tibia

Answer 34

-medial condyle
-lateral condyle
-intercondylar eminence
-tibial tuberosity
-anterior crest
-medial malleolus
-fibular notch

Question 35

fibula

Answer 35

-head
-lateral malleolus

Question 36

tarsals

Answer 36

(7 bones)

-calcaneus
-talus
-navicular
-cuboid
-lateral cuneiform
-medial cuneiform

Question 37

metatarsals

Answer 37

(5 bones)

numbered 1-5, medial to lateral

Question 38

phalanges

Answer 38

numbered 1-5, medial to lateral

proximal, middle, distal (except hallux) each toe has 3 phalanges, except for the big toe x2