Appendicular Skeleton & Joints Flashcards
bending a joint to decrease its angle
flexion
straightening a joint to increase angle
extension
excessive extension of joint, beyond the normal range of movement
hyperextension
moving towards the midline
adduction
moving away from the midline
abduction
movement of extremity in a circular motion
circumduction
movement of a bone around a central axis/ long axis
(ex: twisting of the vertebral column)
rotation
palm facing down
(“pro” basketball player- dribbling)
pronation
palm facing up
(“soup”- bowl of soup)
supination
sole of foot is turned toward the midline
inversion
sole of foot is turned laterally, away from the midline
eversion
anterior motion of the scapula or mandible
protraction
posterior motion of the scapula or mandible
retraction
movement that brings the top of the foot toward the anterior leg
dorsiflexion
heel is lifted off the ground
plantar flexion
appendicular skeleton
-pectoral girdle
-upper/ lower extremities
-pelvic girdle
scapula
-acromion
-coracoid process
-suprascapular notch
-infraspinous fossa
-supraspinous fossa
-spine
-glenoid cavity
clavicle
-conoid tubercle
-medial/ sternal end
-lateral/ acromial end
humerus
-head
-anatomical neck
-surgical neck
-greater tubercle
-lesser tubercle
-intertubercular groove
-deltoid tuberosity
-medial epicondyle
-lateral epicondyle
-capitulum
-trochlea
-olecranon fossa
-coronoid fossa
-radial fossa
radius
-head
-radial tuberosity
-styloid process of radius
-ulnar notch
ulna
-head
-olecranon process
-coronoid process
-trochlear notch
-radial notch
-styloid process of ulna
carpals
(8 bones arranged in 2 rows)
-scaphoid
-lunate
-triquetrum
-pisiform
-trapezium
-trapezoid
-capitate
-hamate
metacarpals
(heads are the knuckles)
numbered 1-5, thumb to pinky
phalanges
(each finger has 3 phalanges, except the thumb x2)
-proximal
-middle
-distal
numbered 1-5, thumb to pinky
Two os coxae, unite anteriorly at the pubic symphysis
pelvic girdle
ilium
-auricular surface
-iliac crest
-greater sciatic notch
-iliac fossa
-anterior superior iliac spine
-posterior superior iliac spine
-anterior inferior iliac spine
-posterior inferior iliac spine
ischium
-ischial tuberosity
-ischial spine
-lesser sciatic notch
-ischial ramus
pubis
(most anterior portion of the pelvic girdle)
-pubic symphysis
-inferior pubic ramus
-superior pubic ramus
-pubic arch
other regions
-obturator foramen
-pelvic brim
-lesser/true pelvis (pelvis below the brim)
-greater/false pelvis (pelvis above the brim)
-acetabulum
masculinized pelvis characteristics
-vertical iliac bones
-subpubic angle < 90 degrees
-deep iliac fossa
-heart-shaped pelvic inlet
feminized pelvis characteristics
-less vertical iliac bones
-subpubic angle > 90 degrees
-shallow iliac fossa
-round pelvic inlet
femur
-head
-fovea capitis
-neck
-greater trochanter
-lesser trochanter
-intertrochanteric line
-intertrochanteric crest
-linea aspera
-lateral epicondyle
-medial epicondyle
-adductor tubercle
-lateral condyle
-medial condyle
-intercondylar fossa
-patellar surface
patella
-apex
tibia
-medial condyle
-lateral condyle
-intercondylar eminence
-tibial tuberosity
-anterior crest
-medial malleolus
-fibular notch
fibula
-head
-lateral malleolus
tarsals
(7 bones)
-calcaneus
-talus
-navicular
-cuboid
-lateral cuneiform
-medial cuneiform
metatarsals
(5 bones)
numbered 1-5, medial to lateral
phalanges
numbered 1-5, medial to lateral
proximal, middle, distal (except hallux) each toe has 3 phalanges, except for the big toe x2
