Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards
How many bones are in the Appendicular Skeleton?
126
How many bones are in the shoulder girdle?
2
Name the 2 bones located in the shoulder girdle
Clavicle & Scapula
What is another name for the collarbone?
Clavicle
What type of bone is the clavicle?
Long bone
What is the clavicle bone?
Bone of shoulder that attaches directly to rib cage
What purpose does the clavicle bone serves?
Bears all weight of entire arm
What is another name for shoulder blade?
Scapula
What type of bone is the scapula?
Flat bone
Is the scapula attached to the rib cage?
No, it is held in place by shoulder muscles
What type of joint is the shoulder socket?
Ball & socket joint
Where is the ball & socket joint located?
Ends of clavicle & scapula, it’s very flexible & easily dislocated
How many bones are in the arm?
3
What type of bone are the arm bones?
Long bones
What is the upper arm bone called?
Humerus
What is the lower arm bones called?
Ulna & Radius
Where is the ulna located?
On pinky side (forms point of elbow)
Where is the radius located?
On thumb side
What type of joint is the elbow?
Hinge joint (made up of humerus, ulna, radius)
What’s a funny bone?
Ulnar nerve (NOT a bone)
Where is the funny bone located?
Runs from ring finger & pinky to elbow
How many bones are in the hand?
27
What is another term for fingers?
Phalanges
What is Phalange I?
Thumb
What does opposable thumb mean?
Ability to bring to opposite finger
How many long bones are in phalange I (thumb)?
2 bones (proximal + distal)
How many long bones are in phalanges II, III, IV, V?
3 bones (proximal, intermediate, distal)
How many total bones are in the phalanges?
14
What is the term for palm?
Metacarpals
How many long bones are in the metacarpals?
5
What is the wrist?
Carpals
How many bones does the carpals have?
7 short bones + 1 sesamoid bone
Bones of the carpals are arranged in:
Proximal & Distal row
What is the (carpals) proximal row made up of?
Scaphoid (largest/thumbside), Lunate(ring finger), Triquetal(pinky), Pisiform(to/pinky)
What is the (carpals) distal row made up of?
Trapezium(thumb), Trapezoid, Capitate(mid finger), Hamate(ring + 3/4 pinky)
How many bones are in the leg?
4
What is the thigh bone called?
Femur
What is the longest, strongest, and largest bone in the body?
Femur
What bones made up the lower leg?
Tibia, Fibula & Patella
What are the 2 shin bones called?
Tibia & Fibula
The tibia is:
thicker and stronger (lies medially)
The fibula is:
smaller and thinner (lied laterally)
What is the kneecap called?
Patella
What type of bone is the patella?
Sesamoid bone
The patella is embedded into:
the quadriceps muscles (tendon)
What type of joint is the knee?
Hinge joint
How many bones are in each foot?
26
The foot:
carry ALL weight of your body
How many long bones are in the toe phalanges?
14
Big toe is:
Metatarsal I
Little toe is:
Metatarsal V
How many short bones are in the foot tarsal?
7
What is the ankle bone called?
Talus (most superior)
What;s the main function of the Talus?
Transmit forces & weight from tibia to calcaneus
What’s the heel bone called?
Calcaneus
What is the largest tarsal bones?
Calcaneus (thick & sturdy)
What is the calcaneus’s main function?
Transmits force & weight from Talus to ground
Talus & Calcaneus are the 2 bones that:
carry most of one’s weight
What bone is located in the intermediate row of the tarsal (foot)?
Navicular bone (boat shape)
What 4 bones are located in the distal row of the tarsal(foot)?
- Cuboid
- Lateral cuneiform
- Intermediate cuneiform
- Medial cuneiform
* all wedged-shape
What is joint type of pelvic girdle?
Ball & socket
What are some functions of the pelvic girdle?
childbirth, hold weight, rotate/mobility, balance, protect
How many bones are in the pelvic girdle?
3
What is the hip bone called?
Coxal bone
What type of bone is the coxal bones?
Flat bones
What 3 bones made up coxal bone?
Ilium, Ischium, Pubis
Ilium is:
superior & where you place your hand (largest)
Ischium is:
inferior & posterior & carry all sitting weight
Pubis is:
anterior & joins 2 hip bones
What is sacrum’s main function?
forms back wall of pelvis & part of spine
What is a pubic symphysis?
Cartilage that connectts 2 coxal bones together
What does pelvis means in latin?
“Large bowl of basin”
What is a pelvis?
A ring of bones that support the upper body