Appendicular notes Flashcards
What connects each arm to the trunk and provides a basis for arm movement
Pectoral (shoulder) girdle
What does each girdle consist of
One clavicle, and one scapula
Where does the clavicle connect eith the axial skeleton
At the manubrium
Where does the clavicle articulate
Articulates with the acromionof the scapula (acromegaly end)
What is the articulation between clavicle and manubrium of sternum
Sternoclavicular joint
Flat, triangular shaped bone located on the posterior side of the rib cage, commonly known as a shoulder blade
Scapula
What does the scapula articulate with
Articulates with the clavicle and the humerus
What are the sides of a scapula
3 sides- superior border, medial border, lateral border.
What are the corners of each scapula
Superior angle inferior angle lateral angle
Glenoid cavity
Cup shaped articulating surface at the lateral angle
What does the glenoid cavity articulate with
Articulates with the humerus to form shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint)
What provides attachment points to ligaments and tendons of the shoulder
Scapular processes
Smaller process superior and anterior to the glenoid cavity
Coracoid process
Larger process superior and posterior to the glenoiud cavity
Acromion
Ridge across the posterior surface from the acromion to the medial border
Spine
What are the bones of the upper limbs
Arms, forearms, wrists, hands
A long bone in the arm, articulates with the scapula to the elbow and with the ulna and the radius at the elbow
Humerus
Proximal and medial rounded end that articualtes with the scapula
Head
Larger, rounded projection on the proximal lateral surface of the bone
greater tubercle
Forms the lateral contour of the shoulder and is important For muscle attachment
Greater tubercle
Smaller projection, anterior, medial to the greater tubercle, muscle attachment
Lesser tubercle
This seperates the tubercles by deep groves
Intertubercular sulcus
Between the tubercles and the articular surface of the head
Anatomical neck
Corresponds to metaphysics of growing bone
Surgical neck
Attachment point for the deltoid muscle, large, rough elevation in the middle of the shaft
Deltoid tuberosity
Path for radial nerve, depression at the end of the deltoid tuberosity on the posterior surface of the shaft
Radial groove
Sideways expansions on the distal end of the shaft , also known as the funny bone
Medial epicondyle
At the distal end of the humerus, and articulates with the ulna and the radius at the elbow
Condyle
Pointier medial end of the condyle, extends from the anterior Cotonou fossa to posterior olecranon fossa
Torchlea
Rounder lateral surface of the condyle , inferior to the radial fossa
Capitulum
Fibrous sheet that connects lateral margin of the ulna to the radius
Interosseous membrane
Medial bone of forearm
Ulna
Forms the point of the elbow, proximal end of the ulna, forms the superior lip of the torchlear notch
Olecranon
Flat notch lateral to the Coro lid process articulates with the head of the radius
Radial notch
Distal end of the ulna articulates with the radius to form the distal radio ulnar joint
Head of ulna
Short process that points inferiorly, attaches to the articular disc, a cartilage that separates the ulnar head from the bones of the wrist
Ulnar styloid process
Lateral bone of forearm, Articulates with the capitulum of the humerus at the elbow , fits into the radial fossa when the elbow bends
Radius
Area between the head and the radial tuberosity
Neck
Roughness below the neck where the biceps brachial muscle attaches
Radial tuberosity
On the medial surface of the distal end of the radius
Ulnar notch
On the distal lateral surface stabilizes the wrist joint
Radial styloid process
How many carpal bones does the wrist have
8 carpal bones
How many proximal carpal bones does the wrist have
4 proximal carpal bones
How many distal carpal bones does the wrist have
4 distal carpal bones
What is inflammation of the connective tissues between a ligament called the flexor retinaculum and the carpal non es can compress the median nerve and result in pain, weakness, and reduced wrist mobility
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Proximal, lateral carpal none, chest to the styloid process of the radius
Scaphoid
Medial to scaphoid, articulates with the radius
Lunate
Small bone medial to the lunate
Triquetrum
Small pea-shaped no me that is the medial of the proximal carpal bones and sits anterior to the Triquetrum
Pisiform
Most lateral of the distal carpals and articulates with the scaphoid
Trapezium
Medial to the trapezium and articulates with the scaphoid
Trapezoid
Larger carpal, medial to the trapezoid
Capitate
The most medial of the distal carpal bones
Hamate
The five long bones of the hand numbered 1-5 from lateral to medial, articulates with the distal carpals and the proximal phalanges
Metacarpals
Bones of the fingers
Phalanges
Has two phalanges (proximal and distal)
Pollex
Attaches lower limb to axial skeleton, strong to bear body weight and mobility, consists of two hip bones
Pelvic girdle
Socket on lateral surface of each hip bone at the meeting point of the ilium, ischium, and pubis
Acetabulum
Articulates with head of femur
Lunate surface
Gap in the ride that forms the margins
Acetabular notch
Space encircled by ischial and pubic rami, closed by a sheet of collagen fivers that serves for attachment of muscles of the hip
Obturator foramen
Where the pubes of the two hip bones articulate
Pubic symphysis
