Anatomy -chemistry unit

Question 1

What is chemistry

Answer 1

science that deals with the structure of matter.

Question 2

What is matter

Answer 2

anything that takes up space and has mass.

Question 3

What is matter made up of

Answer 3

made up of atoms

Question 4

Subatomic particles includes what

Answer 4

protons, neutrons, electrons

Question 5

What is the charge of a proton

Answer 5

positive charge

Question 6

What is the mass of a proton

Answer 6

1 mass unit

Question 7

What is the charge of a neutron

Answer 7

neutral

Question 8

What is the mass of a neutron

Answer 8

1 mass unit

Question 9

what is the charge of a electron

Answer 9

Negative charge

Question 10

What is the mass of a electron

Answer 10

Low mass, lower than 1

Question 11

What is the atomic number

Answer 11

Number of protons

Question 12

What contains protons and neutrons

Answer 12

Nucleus

Question 13

What is a spherical area that contains electrons

Answer 13

electron cloud

Question 14

What is a two-dimensional representation of electron cloud

Answer 14

Electron shell

Question 15

What is a pure substance composed of atoms of one kind

Answer 15

an element

Question 16

What does the atomic number in an atom determine

Answer 16

its chemical properties

Question 17

What are versions of elements based on mass and number

Answer 17

isotopes

Question 18

What is the number of protons plus the number of neutrons

Answer 18

Mass number

Question 19

what has a radioactive nuclei

Answer 19

radioisotopes

Question 20

What is decay rate expressed as

Answer 20

as half-life

Question 21

What is the average of the different atomic masses and proportions of different isotopes

Answer 21

Atomic weight

Question 22

What determines the reactivity of an atom

Answer 22

electrons in the electron cloud

Question 23

What is the outermost shell called

Answer 23

valence shell

Question 24

What contains shells, or energy levels that can hold a limited number of electrons

Answer 24

Electron cloud

Question 25

What does chemical bonds form

Answer 25

molecules and compunds

Question 26

What are two or more atoms joined by strong bonds

Answer 26

molecule

Question 27

What is two or more atoms of different elements joined by strong or weak bonds

Answer 27

compound

Question 28

What is the sum of the atomic weights of its atoms

Answer 28

molecular weight

Question 29

What are the three major types of chemical bonds

Answer 29

1. Ionic bonds 2. Covalent bonds 3. Hydrogen bonds

Question 30

What is an atom with and electric charge

Answer 30

ion

Question 31

What are strong bonds involving SHARED electrons

Answer 31

Covalent bonds

Question 32

What is a EQUAL sharing of electrons between atoms that have equal pull on the electrons

Answer 32

non polar covalent bonds

Question 33

What is UNEQUAL sharing of electrons because one atom has a disproportionately strong pull on the electrons- associated with water

Answer 33

Polar covalent bonds

Question 34

What is new bonds formed or existing bonds are broken

Answer 34

chemical reaction

Question 35

material going into a reaction

Answer 35

reactants

Question 36

Materials coming our of a reaction

Answer 36

products

Question 37

All the reactions that are occurring at one time.

Answer 37

Metabolism

Question 38

Energy of MOTION

Answer 38

Kinetic energy -cars, windmill, aircraft’s, cycling, etc.

Question 39

STORED ENERGY

Answer 39

potential energy - skydiver waiting to jump from plane, a rubber band being stretched, energy in a unused battery

Question 40

Potential energy stored in chemical bonds

Answer 40

chemical energy - coal, cold packs

Question 41

types of chemical reactions

Answer 41

decomposition, synthesis, exchange, reversible

Question 42

What BREAKS chemical bonds AB> A+ B

Answer 42

Decomposition reaction

Question 43

Forms chemical bonds A+B >AB

Answer 43

Synthesis reaction

Question 44

Involves decomposition first, then synthesis AB+ CD> AD+CB

Answer 44

Exchange reaction

Question 45

At equilibrium that amounts of chemicals do not change even though the reactions are still occurring

Answer 45

Reversible reactions

Question 46

In cells, do not occur spontaneously

Answer 46

Biochemical reactions

Question 47

What is the amount of energy needed to start a reaction

Answer 47

Activation energy

Question 48

Protein catalysts that lower the activation energy of reactions

Answer 48

enzymes

Question 49

What is reactions that RELEASES energy

Answer 49

Exergonic

Question 50

What is reactions that ABSORB energy

Answer 50

Endergonic

Question 51

What are essential molecules obtained from food

Answer 51

Nutrients

Question 52

What are molecules made or broken down in the body

Answer 52

metabolites

Question 53

What is , Carbond Dioxide, Oxygen, Water, and Inorganic acids, Bases, and Salts

Answer 53

Inorganic compounds

Question 54

Molecules contains carbon and hydrogen is what

Answer 54

Organic compound

Question 55

Many molecules are water soluble

Answer 55

universal solvent

Question 56

What’re serves as a reactant in some reactions

Answer 56

reactivity

Question 57

What id the heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance 1 DEGREE Celsius

Answer 57

heat capacity

Question 58

To moisten and reduce friction

Answer 58

lubrication

Question 59

What are inorganic ions that conduct electricity in solution

Answer 59

electrolytes

Question 60

What includes ions and polar molecules that interact with water

Answer 60

Hydrophilic

Question 61

What includes non polar molecules, fats, and oils that does NOT interact with water

Answer 61

Hydrophobic

Question 62

what is a solution contains dispersed proteins or other large molecules

Answer 62

Colloid

Question 63

What contains large particles that settle out of solution

Answer 63

suspension

Question 64

What is a low H plus concentration and a high OH concentration

Answer 64

acidic

Question 65

High H plus and low OH concentration

Answer 65

basic

Question 66

What is the proton donor ( adds hydrogen ions to a solution )

Answer 66

Acid

Question 67

What is a proton acceptor ( a solute that removes hydrogen ions from a solution)

Answer 67

base

Question 68

What is a solute that dissociate into cations and anions other than hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions

Answer 68

salt

Question 69

What stabilizes pH of solutions

Answer 69

Buffers

Question 70

What uses sodium bicarbonate to neutralize hydrochloride acid in the stomach

Answer 70

Antacids