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Skin Histology > Appendages > Flashcards

Appendages Flashcards

1
Q

Name the skin appendages

A

Hair and hair follicles
Muscles
Glands
Nerve supply and receptors

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2
Q

Name the parts of the hair strand and where they are situated

A

Hair shaft outside skin
Hair root inside skin
Hair bulb thickened origin of hair root

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3
Q

What does the hair follicle consist of

A

Concentric epithelial cell layers with melanin in central layers

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4
Q

Where does hair get its nutrition

A

From capillary network in dermal papilla

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5
Q

Name the parts of the hair root and hair follicle (cross section) from the outside in

A

Dermal root sheath
External root sheath
Internal root sheath
Hair root epithelium

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6
Q

What smooth muscle is in the skin

A

Arrector pili

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of the arrector pili

A

Bundles of smooth muscle
Attached to dermal root sheath, below sebaceous gland
Contraction expels sebaceous secretion out of gland

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8
Q

Where is superficial skeletal muscle found in the skin

A

Eyebrows
Eyelid and nose
Lips and chin

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9
Q

Where is the sebaceous gland situated

A

Short duct open into hair follicle

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10
Q

What is the secretion of the sebaceous gland like

A

Foamy cytoplasm, lipids know as sebum

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11
Q

What secretion mechanism does the sebaceous gland use

A

Holocrine (glandular cells closest to lume die in order to form the secretion)

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12
Q

Function of sebum

A

Limit evaporation
Keep skin waterproof
Lubricates epidermis
Antibacterial properties

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13
Q

What are the 2 tipes of sweat glands

A

Eccrine true seat glands
Apocrine sweat glands

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14
Q

Characteristics of eccrine glands

A

Over most of body
Opens directly onto surface of skin
Secrete watery product that cools skin

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15
Q

Characteristics of apocrine glands

A

Present in axilla, groin, areolar, perianal skin
Open into hair follicles
Secrete a viscous odorous product

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16
Q

How many layers of cells does the duct of the eccrine glands have

A

Double layer

17
Q

How many layers does the secretory part of the eccrine glands have

A

Single layer

18
Q

What does eccrine glands secrete

A

Water
Salts
Metabolites

19
Q

What secretion mechanism does eccrine glands use

A

Merocrime

20
Q

What is the function of the eccrine glands

A

Body temperature regulation

21
Q

What does the apocrine glands secrete

A

Oily, yellow colour, arid odour

22
Q

What secretion mechanism does apocrine glands use

A

Merocrine

23
Q

Function of the apocrine glands

A

Actively depends on sex hormones

24
Q

What are the pain, itch and temperature sensor in the skin named

A

Free - nociceptors and thermoceptor

25
Q

What are the touch receptors because of hair movement called

A

Petrichial- mechanoreceptors

26
Q

What are the mechanoreceptors called

A

Merkel cells

27
Q

What are the mechanoreceptors for touch that have capsulated nerve endings called

A

Meissner corpuscles

28
Q

What are the mechanoreceptors for deep pressure and vibrations with encapsulated nerve endings called

A

Pacinian corpuscles

29
Q

What are the mechanoreceptors for stretch with encapsulated nerve endings called

A

Ruffini corpuscles

30
Q

What is the exteroceptive nerve system

A

Senses things outside body

31
Q

What is interoceptive nerve systems

A

Senses things within body’s organs

32
Q

What are the 4 tactile mechanoreceptors

A

Merkel’s disks
Meissner’s corpuscles
Ruffini endings
Pacinian corpuscles

Skin Histology (2 decks)

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