Appeasement

Question 0

Explain what happened with the Sudetanland?

Answer 0

12-12 sept 1938. Hitler encourages the leader of the Sudetan Nazis to rebel and demand a union with Germany. The Czech government was against is.

Question 1

Why did Britain and France adopt a policy of appeasement?

Answer 1

The LoN was losing power and they fought giving what Hitler wanted( which was considered reasonable) would stop war.
They didn’t want another war like the first one.
The British people were against war.
Many fought the treaty of Versailles was too harsh any way.
Chamberlain wanted a strong Germany to act as a barrier against communist Russia.
British armed forces weren’t ready for war. We weren’t sure the commonwealth would surpport another war.
Chamberlain called Czechoslovakia “a far off country of whose people we know nothing”. It wasn’t worth going to war of a place no one knew anything about.

Question 2

What happened on the 15 September 1938

Answer 2

Chamberlain sees Hitler but doesn’t talk to Czechoslovakia. He lets Hitler have parts of the Sudetenland where 50% of the people are Germain and Hitler agreed. Chamberlain persuaded France to agree.

Question 3

What happened between 22-23 September 1938?

Answer 3

Hitler says that he wants all the the Sudentland. At first Chamberlain is against it but he latter agrees as he doesn’t want war.

Question 4

What happened 30 September 1938?

Answer 4

Britain and France agree to give all of the Sudetenland to Hitler. At the Munich agreement. Chamberlain said there would be peace in our time.
Czechoslovakia was furious.

Question 5

What was the result of appeasement?

Answer 5

Czechoslovakia was weaken.
Britain had a year to build up the armed forces but so did Hitler.
Hitler fought Britain and France were afraid of him and that they would never stop him.
Russia thought Britain and France would never stand up to Hitler and didn’t trust them.
Morale was improved as Britain knew it did all it could to stop war.

Question 6

What happned on the 15 March 1939?

Answer 6

Hitler invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia.
It proved that he was lying when he said” Czechoslovakia has nothing to fear from the third Reich”
31st march. Britain says to will protect Poland if it is invaded.

Question 7

What was the attitude to Russia?

Answer 7

Chamberlain didn’t like Russia because it was communist. He wanted a strong Germany to help fight the powerful nation.

Question 8

How was Hitler let to break the ToV?

Answer 8

In 1935 Britain signed a treaty that let the Germain navy become 35% of the royal one.
The army was let to grow to 950,000 through the use of conscription.
The Rhineland was remilitarised. France was divided on what to do. Britain was against it but didn’t do anything. The LoN was busy with Italy.

Question 9

Why did Hitler want Austria?

Answer 9

He wanted to reunite all Germany speaking people.

It also boarded with the Sudetenland.

Question 10

What did the government think would be the casualties if they went to war?

Answer 10

Experts made estimations using the wars in china and Spain. They thought that 1.8 million civilians would be killed in the first two months and and 40 million would be killed in total.

Question 11

Explain the nazi-soviet pact.

Answer 11

The USSR was the only nation that could stop Germany from invading Poland.
In August 1939 they made a pact to not attack each other.
Hitler knew he would attack Russia. (He did so less than two years later). He didn’t want to dight a war on two fronts.
Stalin felt it would buy him time, while Germany fought in the west. He also felt isolated as he was communist.

Question 12

Explain how Hitler managed to take over most of Czechoslovakia by March 1939 with out as much as a shot being fired.

Answer 12

He did it piece by piece.
In 1938 he said Germain nazis were being baddly treated by the government in the Sudetenland. He wanted to take over so as to protect them. This seemed reasonable.
He then wanted most of it. The Munich conference was held and as no-one wanted a war, he could have it.
Then in march, he invaded the rest. No-one went to war and Czechoslovakia knew they couldn’t win so didn’t fight.

Question 13

Why did Hitler want to Sudetenland ?

Answer 13

Coal and copper mines.
Power stations.
Good farming land.
Skoda arms works. Largest in Europe.

Question 14

What was Hitler’s foreign policy?

Answer 14

Create living space. Lebensraum.
He wanted to destroy the ToV.
Create a greater Germany of German speaking people.

Question 15

Explain the background of the Saar.

Answer 15

The ToV put it under LoN controls for 15 years. A plebiscite would be held to decide what would happen to it.

Question 16

What did people in the Saar want to become?

Answer 16

There were divided.
Many anti nazis fled to the Saar and saw what hitler was doing in Germany. They wanted to stay LoN.
However there were some Saar nazis that wanted to join Germany.

Question 17

What did the Saar nazis do in the Saar?

Why didn’t the LoN do anything?

Answer 17

They worked with the Gestapo to boycott and beat up opponents.
The LoN didn’t do anything as they feared nazi riots.

Question 18

Explain the Saar plebiscite.

What were the effects?

Answer 18

It was held at the start of 1935. 90% voted to join Germany.
It made hitler see the LoN wouldn’t do anything.
It made him very confident and improved moral.

Question 19

Explain hitlers failed attempt to take Austia.

Answer 19

In 1934, Hitler ordered Austrian nazis to create havoc and over throw the government. The chancellor was killed but the military stopped them and Italy had an argument with Austria to protect it.

Question 20

How did hitler gain Austria ?

Answer 20

The new chancellor wanted to work with Hitler to stop aggression.
He allowed nazis to hold official posts.
Italy became an allies to Germany in 1936 in the Rome Berlin axis.
Hitler demanded Nazis to be given more powerful posts in Austria.
The minister of the interior was a nazi.
Hitler wanted the nazis in Austria to cause chaos meaning he would have the right to invade to protect German interests.
The chancellor called a referendum to decide whether the people of austia should join Germany. However he called it off as hitler told him to and he had no other help.
The chancellor resigned and the chancellor of the interior asked Germain troops to enter Austia.

Question 21

What did Germany gain with Austia.

Answer 21

The army increased by 100,000 and the population by millions.
It gained Austria”s foreign exchange reserves and steel and iron reserves.
It was one easier to invade The Sudetenland.