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Summer NPTE random > App flash cards - 2 > Flashcards

App flash cards - 2

1
Q

What kind of contracture develops with burns to the shoulder/axilla area

A

Shoulder adduction
And
Shoulder IR

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2
Q

What is the purpose of a shoulder sling

A

Emphasis on immobilization

Used for shoulder pain of subluxation

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3
Q

What is a airplane splint

A

Holds the arm in abd and the elbow at 90-degrees of flexion

Protects the shoulder against and add contracture

Primarily used for burns effecting the shoulder and axialla region

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4
Q

What is a c-bar splint

A

Hand finger splint used to promote thumb abduction and opposition

Facilitates hand function when weakness exists

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5
Q

What is a c-bar splint

A

Hand splint used to promote thumb abd and opposition

Facilitate hand function when weakness is present

Used following survey to promote tissue healing and immobilization if the thumb

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6
Q

What is a Hemi arm sling

A

Vertical arm sling that uses huméral cuff with figure 8 suspension to provide vertical upward force to support the humerus

Used for shoulder sublexation

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7
Q

What is a Hickman catheter

A

Inserted through the internal jugular vein and threaded through to the superior vena cava and right atrium

Used for long term administration of substances through the venous system

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8
Q

What is a super public catheter

A

Urinary catheter that is inserted directly into the bladder

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9
Q

What is Charcot Marie tooth disease

A

Heritary disorder characterized by motor and sensory neuropathy, progressive muscle wasting, and finished deep tendon reflexes

Initially effects ankle dorsiflexors - foot drop, steppage gait pattern

As it progresses it involves the intrinsic muscle of the hands resulting in issues with fine motor tasks

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10
Q

What is cerebral palsy

A

Neuromuscular disorder of posture and controlled movement

The clinical presentation is variable based on the location and extent of CBS damage

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11
Q

What are the general characteristics of cerebral palsy

A

Motor delays

Abnormal muscle tone and control

Reflex abnormalities

Poor postural control

Hip dislocation

Balance impairments

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12
Q

What is a festinating gait pattern

A

Pt walks in their toes as if they have been pushed

Often seen with Parkinson’s

Gait speed: start slow, increases in speed, May continue this way until a pt grasps a object and stops

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13
Q

What is an equines gait

A

Occurs due to a shorter gastric and soleus - often due to sapcity in these muscles

Produce Dave a gait where pt walks in toes due to PF position of the ankle

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14
Q

What is a steppage gait due to

A

Loss of DF

Therefore the other has to take high steps to cleared their foot

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15
Q

Heart transplant and HR

A

Heart rate is less valid following transplant because of the heart unusual response to exercise

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16
Q

What is the function of ACE inhibitors

A

Agents to decrease BP

Used to treat HTN and CHF

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17
Q

What is hypokalemia

A

Decreased K in the blood

Sym: muscle cramps, weakness or fatigue

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18
Q

Rectal temp vs oral tempt

A

Recap temp should be .5-1.0 higher then oral

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19
Q

What is a partial thickness wound

A

Extends through the epidermis and possible into by not through the dermis

Examples: abrasions, skin tear, blister

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20
Q

Wound granulation

A

Perfused , fibrous connective tissue that replaces a fibrin clot in a healing wound

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21
Q

What are CT scans mostly used for

A

Spinal lesions
And
Diagnostic studies of the brain

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22
Q

What is a myelography

A

The second combines fluoroscopy
Radiology to evaluate the spinal subacromial space

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23
Q

What is a myelography

A

The second combines fluoroscopy
Radiology to evaluate the spinal subacromial space

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24
Q

What is a myelography used to ID

A

Bone displacement

Disk herniation

Spinal cord compression

Tumors

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25
Q

What is a myelography used to ID

A

Bone displacement

Disk herniation

Spinal cord compression

Tumors

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26
Q

What is a fluoroscopy

A

Designed to show motion in the body using X-ray imaging and injection of contrast dye

Can show motion in the joints and movement of dye through the digestive tract

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27
Q

What is hemophilia

A

A condition in which the blood does not clot in the way it is supposed to

Russian prince

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28
Q

What is the main drug for the treatment of ALS

A

Riluzole (rilutek)

Extends a persons life 2-3 months

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29
Q

What is hypothyroidism

A

A result of reduced secretions from the parathyroid gland

This results in decreased Ca in the blood (hypocalemia) and decreased phosphorus (hypophosphatemia)

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30
Q

What are the symptoms of if hypothyroidism

A

Lethargy

Cog deficits

Arrhythmias

Seizure

Tetany

Muscle pain

Muscle cramps

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31
Q

What is tetany

A

a symptom that involves involuntary muscle contractions and overly stimulated peripheral nerve

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32
Q

What is Graves’ disease

A

A disorder of the immune system that causes the thyroid gland to make to much thyroid hormone - hyperthyroidism

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33
Q

What are the sym of Graves’ disease

A

Heat intolerance

Nervous

Weight loss

Tremor

Palpations

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34
Q

What is Cushing syndrome

A

When the body produces too much cortisol

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35
Q

What are the symptoms of Cushing syndrome

A

fatty hump between the shoulders, a rounded face( fat deposits around the face), and pink or purple stretch marks on the skin.

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36
Q

What is a primary impairment -NS

A

The direct results of CNS damage

Such a loss of motor intervention and subsequent paralysis due to SC damage

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37
Q

What is secondary impairment-CNS

A

Do not directly result for CNS damage but from the primary impairments

EX: developing a contracture 2/2 lack of active motion and pro long stationary positioning

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38
Q

What is secondary prevention

A

Aim to diagnose a condition in the early stages and prevent complications from occurring

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39
Q

What is delirium

A

A form of transient cognitive behavior impairment that subsides once the controlling factor is removed

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40
Q

What is mild cognitive impairment

A

Having lower then expected cognitive performance compared to others in their age group

Non progressive and normally does in impact ADLs

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41
Q

How often should you use incentive spirometers

A

Every 1-2 hours

42
Q

How often should you use incentive spirometers

A

Every 1-2 hours

5-10 breaths every hour one is awake

43
Q

What is the point of incentive spirometery

A

To encourage pt to take long deep breaths to max ventilation

44
Q

What is cor plumulea

A

Right sided HF

Hypertrophiât of the right ventricles caused by altered function of the lungs

Leads to suspens with exertion, swelling in the LE, dizziness and syncope

45
Q

What is tetralogy of fallot

A

A term used to describe a combo of four heart defects

Ventricle septum defect

Pulmonary stenosis

Right ventricular hypertrophy

Aorta overdosing the ventricular defect

46
Q

What are the symptoms of associated with tetralogy of fallot

A

Cyanosis of the skin

SOB

Fairing

Clubbing of feet or hands

Poor weight gain

Irritability

47
Q

What is the action of calcium channel blockers

A

Decreased myocardial contraction

Vasodilation

Decreased oxygen demand of the heart

48
Q

What are calcium channel blockers used to treat

A

Angina

Arrthy

HTN

CHF

49
Q

What are the three stages of motor learning

A

Cognitive stage (initial stage)

Associative stage (intermediate)

Autonomous (final stage)

50
Q

What are the three stages of motor learning

A

Cognitive stage (initial stage)

Associative stage (intermediate)

Autonomous (final stage)

51
Q

What is needed for someone I a a cognitive stage of learning

A

The pt is easily distracted

52
Q

what is transverse friction massage

A

is a technique in which the thumb and index finger are used to exert ontense pressure in a direction perpendicular to the muscle fibers

normally with the tendon placed on slight stretch

53
Q

what is tapotement

A

this is a technique which consist of a series of brisk blows

administered with relaxed hands

54
Q

tubigrip versus tedhoses

A

tubigrip: used for increased edma

tedhose: reduce DVT1 and to promote increased blood flow velocity2,3,4 in the legs

55
Q

what is petrissage

A

technique that consist of a series of kneading manipulations that press and roll the muscles under the fingers or hands

helps to break up adhesion between the skin and underlying tissue

improves venous and lymphatic return

56
Q

what is connective tissue massgae

A

a stroking technique that uses the pad of the middle and ring fingers

used to treat numerous arteriol and venous disorders

57
Q

Bug movements are an intervention for what neurological disease

A

Parkinson’s

58
Q

What is the cause of Parkinson’s

A

A reduce of dopemamine within the substaia nigra

59
Q

What is sensory integration therapy

A

Commonly used with children who have learning disabilities to help with sensory processing impairments

Ex: bouncing and spinning

Thought to help organize the sensory system by providing vestibular, auditory, and tactile inputs

60
Q

What is the action of the glute max

A

Hip ext

61
Q

What is the flute max gait

A

an abnormal gait pattern that occurs when the gluteus maximus muscle is weak.

When the gluteus maximus is weak, the trunk will lurch backward and extend at the heel strike on the weakened side, interrupting the trunk’s forward motion.

This compensates for the weakness in hip extension

62
Q

what is the highest level of spinal cord injury that allows for for household amb using KAFO/AFO combo

A

L3 paraplegia

63
Q

why is household amb not possible for someone w/ an injury higher then L3

A

the lack of quadriceps innervation

64
Q

L1 innervation spinal cord injury

A

have full innervation of the abd and intercostals

min hip flexion is present

65
Q

autonomic dysreflexia occurs at what levels and above

A

T6 and above

66
Q

what orthotic device do those w/ L5 SCI normal have

A

bilateral AFOs

sued to amb household and community distances

67
Q

What is Klinefelter syndrome

A

This is an aneuplodiy

Where a male is born with at least one extra X

68
Q

What is iontophoresis

A

This is when transcutaneous ions are delivered into the body for therapeutic purposes through an electrical current

Maily used for excessive sweating

69
Q

What is iontophoresis

A

This is when transcutaneous ions are delivered into the body for therapeutic purposes through an electrical current

Maily used for excessive sweating

70
Q

What can acetic acid be used for

A

Treatment of myotosis ossification

71
Q

What is myotosis ossification

A

condition that causes bone to form inside a muscle or other soft tissue after an injury

72
Q

What is myotosis ossification

A

condition that causes bone to form inside a muscle or other soft tissue after an injury

73
Q

Liodocaine used for

A

Local anesthetic used to treat tissue pain

74
Q

What is Mg sulfate used for

A

Muscle relaxant

Used to treatment muscle spasms

75
Q

Who is an ultralight wheel chair indicated for

A

Active person who does not need postural support

76
Q

What is a Hemi wheel chair

A

Designed to be lower to the ground so pts can self propel w/ their LE

77
Q

What is internal validity

A

The relationship between the independent and dependent variables and determines if a causal relationship exists between the two

the extent to which you can be confident that a cause-and-effect relationship established in a study cannot be explained by other factors

78
Q

What is external validity

A

Examines the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized beyond the study sample to a great population

79
Q

What is contract and relax

A

A technique used to increase ROM

As the extremity reaches the point of restriction the pt performs a max contraction with PT resistance for 8-10 secs

Relaxation follows

80
Q

What is the hold and relax technique

A

Isometric contraction used to increase ROM

Contraction is faciliter that the limiting point of ROM

81
Q

What is rhythmic stabilization

A

Used to increase ROM and coordinate isometric contractions

Requires isometric contraction of all the muscles around the joint against progressive resistance

The pt then relaxes

82
Q

What is rhythmic stabilization

A

Used to increase ROM and coordinate isometric contractions

Requires isometric contraction of all the muscles around the joint against progressive resistance

The pt then relaxes

83
Q

What is the difference between isometric and isotonic

A

Isometric: same length (plank)

Isotonic: change in length (push-ups)

84
Q

Alzheimer’s is more popular and what type of population 

A

Older and female

85
Q

What is a vertbroplasty

A

A mim invasive procedure used to stabilize vert compression fractures often caused my osteoporosis

86
Q

What is a vertbroplasty

A

A mim invasive procedure used to stabilize vert compression fractures often caused my osteoporosis

87
Q

What is a vertbroplasty

A

A mim invasive procedure used to stabilize vert compression fractures often caused my osteoporosis

88
Q

What is a kyphoplasty

A

Uses a special ballon to restore vert height and the space created in the vert is filled with bone cement

89
Q

What is rinne’s test

A

A hearing test

The examiner holds the vibrating tunning fork against the mastoid process until the sounds is no longer heard by the pt

The normal ratio to air conduction to bone conduction is 2:1

90
Q

Can we change number of muscle fiber we have

A

No we have a set amount but you can changes the muscle fiber size and muscle mass

91
Q

Can we change number of muscle fiber we have

A

No we have a set amount but you can changes the muscle fiber size and muscle mass

92
Q

Do pts with spins bodies often need shunts

A

Yes due to hydrocephalus

93
Q

What are the symptoms of shunt dysfunction

A

Headache

Fever

Decreased activity

94
Q

What is athetosis

A

Characterized by extraneous movements, slowness of movements, and alteration in muscle tone

Look worm like with a rotary component

Occurs with damage to the Basal ganglia

95
Q

What kind of nystagmus is normally seen with cerebella’s lesion

A

Gaze evoked nys

This can occur unilaterally or bilaterally depending on the lesion the cerebellum

96
Q

What is dysmetria

A

Occurs with cerebella’s lesions

Occurs with the inability to reach an approximate target

97
Q

What is dysdiadokinsiea

A

Occur with cerebella’s lesions

The inability to perform rapidly alternating movements

98
Q

What is dysdiadokinsiea

A

Occur with cerebella’s lesions

The inability to perform rapidly alternating movements

99
Q

Can we rely on girth to quantify someone strength

A

No a formal muscle test should be taken

100
Q

Can we rely on girth to quantify someone strength

A

No a formal muscle test should be taken

101
Q

What is lateral epicondylistis

A

Inflammation and degenerative changes to the common extensor tendon

102
Q

What is lateral epicondylistis

A

Inflammation and degenerative changes to the common extensor tendon

Summer NPTE random (5 decks)

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