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Anatomy - YR2 > APP 1 > Flashcards

APP 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What runs through the inguinal canal?

A

Round ligament in females
Spermatic cord in makes
Ilio-inguinal nerve
Genital branch of the Genito-inguinal nerve

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2
Q

What are attachments of the inguinal ligament?

A

ASIS, pubic tubercle

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3
Q

What passes under the inguinal ligament?

A

Belly of iliopsoas

Femoral nerve, artery and vein

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4
Q

What passes through the pelvic sacral foramina?

A

Anterior rami of S1 to S4

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5
Q

What passes through the dorsal sacral foramina?

A

Posterior rami of S1 to S4

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6
Q

What passes through the sacral canal?

A

Spinal cord enter through here

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7
Q

What passes through the sacral hiatus?

A

Spinal cord exits through here

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8
Q

What are the posterior abdominal muscles?

A

Quadratus lumborum
Psoas major
Iliacus
Erector spinae (collection of muscle)

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9
Q

What are the origins and insertions of Quadratus lumborum?

A

Origin : posterior half of iliac crest + iliolumbar ligament

Insertions : inferior border of 12th rib + transverse processes of L1 + L5

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10
Q

What innervates the Quadratus lumborum?

A

Anterior rami of T12 + L1-L4

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11
Q

What are the origins and insertions of Psoas major?

A

Origin : transverse processes of L1 to L5 + intervertebra of T12 to L5
Insertions : iliopsoas fold back on itself to insert on lesser trochanter of femur

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12
Q

What innervates the Psoas major muscle?

A

Anterior rami of L1 to L3

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13
Q

What are the origins and insertions of iliacus?

A

Origin : iliac fossa

Insertions : iliopsoas runs under inguinal ligament, folds in on itself to insert on lesser trochanter of femur

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14
Q

What innervates the iliacus?

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L3)

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15
Q

What innervates erector spinae?

A

Posterior rami

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16
Q

What are the major anterior abdominal muscles?

A

Rectus abdominis
Transversus abdominis
Internal oblique
External oblique

17
Q

What are the origins and insertions of rectus abdominis?

A

Origins : pubic crest + symphysis

Insertions : xiphoid process + 5th 6th 7th ribs

18
Q

What are the origins and insertions of Transversus abdominis?

A

Origin : 7th -12th costal cartilages, lateral edge of thoracolumbar fascia
Insertions : linea alba, pubic crest + pecten of pubis

19
Q

What are the origins and insertions of internal oblique?

A

Origin : thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament
Insertions : inferior margin of 10th to 12th rib + costal cartilage, linea alba, pecten

20
Q

What are the origins and insertions of External Oblique?

A

Origin : External surface and inferior borders of 5th - 12th ribs
Insertions : ASIS, iliac crest, pubic crest, pubic tubercle, linea alba

21
Q

What horizontal lines in the rectus abdominis called?

A

Tendinous intersections

22
Q

What is the vertical line down the middle of rectus abdominis called?

A

Linea alba

23
Q

What is the posterior rectus sheath made up of?

A

Transversus abdominis aponeurosis

1/2 of internal oblique aponeurosis for first 3/4

24
Q

What is the anterior rectus sheath made up of?

A

External oblique aponeurosis

1/2 of internal oblique aponeurosis

25
Q

What are the main features that differentiate Transversus abdominis from the rest?

A

More horizontal running fibres

Aponeurosis starts much more laterally than the others

26
Q

What are the distinguishing features of internal oblique?

A

Fibres fan out from iliac crest going upwards towards top of body, slanting downwards towards the pubis at the end

27
Q

What are the distinguishing features of the external oblique?

A

All muscle fibres point downwards into the body’s middle

Has a free border at the inguinal ligament

28
Q

What innervates the rectus abdominis?

A

Anterior rami of T7-T12

29
Q

What innervates the Transversus abdominis?

A

Anterior rami of T7-T12

Iliohypogastric and Ilioinguinal nerves (L1)

30
Q

What innervates the internal oblique?

A

Anterior rami of T7-T12

Iliohypogastric and Ilioinguinal nerves (L1)

31
Q

What innervates the external oblique?

A

Anterior rami of T7-T12

Anatomy - YR2 (3 decks)

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