APK 1996 Part I Flashcards by Kyla Paulmitan

External rotators of the shoulders

a. Infraspinatus, Teres minor, posterior deltoid
b. subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi
c. pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, subscapularis
d. trapezius, rhomboid, levator scapulae

Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Posterior Deltoid

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Muscle that is not attached to the humerus

a. Supraspinatus
b. Pectoralis Major
c. Pectoralis Minor
d. Teres Major

Pectoralis Minor

Bicipital Lip (PLDT)
Lateral Lip: Pectoralis Major, Latissimus Dorsi, Teres Major

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Principle muscle involved in light hand closure

a. lumbrical
b. FDP
c. interossei
d. FDS

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Force Hand Closure = FDS, FDP, + Interossei
Light Hand Opening= ED + Lumbricals
Force Hand Opening= ED + Lumbricals + Interossei

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This blood vessel does not originate from the aortic arch

a. Right common carotid artery
b. Left subclavian artery
c. Inominate artery (Brachiocephalic artery)
d. Left Common subclavian artery

Right common carotid artery

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In a third class lever

a. none of these
b. the weight of the arm is longer than the force arm
c. the weight arm and force arm are equal
d. the force arm is longer than the weight arm

The weight arm is longer than the force arm

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Muscle facial expression
a. Digastric
b. Temporalis
c. Masseter
d. Platysma

Platysma

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Bell of the foot corresponds to the:

Heads of metatarsals

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Anconeus is responsible for:

a. helping maintain elbow extension
b. stabilizing the elbow joint during other movements of the UE
c. all of these
d. initiating extension of the elbow

ALL OF THESE

Helping maintain elbow extension
Stabilizing the elbow joint during other movements of the upper extremity.
Initiating extension of the elbow

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Muscle innervated by the radial nerve
a. FCR
b. FPL
c. FDS
d. APL

Abductor Pollicis Longus

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Overlapping of receptive field improves this phenomenon sensation

Localization

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The conoid and trapezoid are ligaments that connect the:

coracoids and clavicle

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In the process of rising up from the sitting position, the following muscles are active, EXCEPT:

iliopsoas

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The trapezius and serratus anterior:

acts as synergists in UPWARD ROTATION and antagonist in RETRACTION and PROTRACTION

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in what movement of the scapula are the upper and lower trapezius muscles synergists:

upward rotation

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in a midclavicular fracture, the structure that protects the underlying vessels from being injured is the:

subclavius

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the highest content of elastic fiber is found in the ligament:

ligamentum flavum

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NOT an extrinsic muscle of the hand:
a. EPL
b. ED
c. ECR
d. FDS

extensor carpi radialis

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this does not describe the 7th rib
a. typical rib
b. has two demifacets on its head
c. longest rib
d. most oblique rib

most oblique rib (9th rib)

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stimulation of the vagus nerve may be expected to result in

vasodilation and bradycardia

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bradycardia is heart beats less than

60 per minute

N= 60-100bpm

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interaction between actin and myosin filaments during muscle contraction is brought to a stop because of:

decrease concentration of intracellular calcium ions

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a shunt muscle:

will usually have a long lever arm like the brachioradialis (for stability)

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a house painter who often works with raised arms as the hands work at a height should primarily be given strengthening exercises for the:

serratus anterior (SH flex et UR)

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efferent fibers of the muscle spindle come from the

gamma motor neuron

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inability to make a complete fist with palmarflexion of the wrist is due to

passive insufficiency of the wrist extensors

muscle which has its distal attachment on the pisiform

flexor carpi ulnaris

the glenohumeral joint is most instable in this position

flexed, abducted, externally rotated (FABER)

the functional position of the deltoid ligaments are the following, EXCEPT:

lateral malleolus deltoid ligaments: ANTATI: ant. talotibial POTATI: post. talotibial CATI: calcaneotibial TINA: tibial navicular

the attachment of the deltoid ligaments are the following, EXCEPT: a. none of these b. slight extension of the wrist to 40deg. c. radial deviation to 5deg. d. ulnar deviation to 15deg.

slight extension of the wrist to 40deg.

type of nerve fiber that has the fastest conduction:

large myelinated axons

this ligament does NOT contribute to the stability of the hip joint: a. ischiofemoral ligament b. ligamentum teres c. pubofemoral ligament d. iliofemoral ligament

ligamentum teres

this is a movement in the transverse plane

external rotation

the most commonly injured ligament of the ankle joint in the sprain is the

anterior talofibular ligament

with the forearm in the fully pronated position, flexion of the elbow is carried out mostly by the

brachialis

the biggest volume that can be expired by a person is called

vital capacity

the lumbrical muscle: a. all of these are true b. is the only intrinsic muscle responsible for MCP-flexion c. together with the dorsal interossei, are primarily responsible for extension of the DIP joint d. has a better leverage as a DIP extensor compared to its leverage as an MCP flexor

has a better leverage as a DIP extensor compared to its leverage as an MCP flexor

the blood supply of the posterior thigh muscles comes mainly from

profunda femoris artery

responsible for shoulder retraction

trapezius and rhomboids

a lesion of the subthalmic nucleus will result in

hemiballismus

triceps activity is enhanced by

elbow extension combined with shoulder flexion

the arcade of frohse may compress the

posterior interosseous nerve

the movement of C1 ions across the membrane is mainly by

facilitated diffusion

the normal width of the walking base

2-4 inches

when the knee is extended, hip flexion is limited to 60-80 degrees because of passive insufficiency of the:

hamstring

the first line of defense against bacterial infection, among the cellular elements, are the:

neutrophils

the nerve that crosses the elbow as a pure sensory is the

musculocutaneous

given a blood pressure of 130/95, the pulse pressure is

35mmHg

which part of the upright lung has the greatest perfusion

base

the axis for subtalar abduction and adduction is

vertical

muscle power is greatest at approximately ___% of the maximum load:

the most abundant cation found inside living cells is

potassium

the space that is entered during a lumbar puncture to obtain cerebrospinal fluid sample is the

subarachnoid space

a forearm muscle that belongs to the extensor group but flexes the elbow is the

brachioradialis

pronation-supination movement of the forearm brings about gliding motion in the following, EXCEPT

ulnar-humeral articulation

norepinephrine is the neurotransmitter of the

majority of the postganglionic sympathetic endings

inspiration requires:

increase in intrathoracic volume

stability of the ankle joint is primarily afforded by the

ligamentous connection

proprioception is characterized by a. the rapid adaptation of the receptors b. a strong affect c. all of these d. stimulation of the receptors by joint motion

all of these

of the following substances, which of them can cross the plasma membrane most easily:

the external intercostals

does not show any activity during normal, quite breathing

the radial head is kept in place by the:

annular ligament

paralysis of the left gluteus medius can be compensated by:

allowing the pelvis to sag laterally toward the unsupported side until the left hip is maximally adducted

the calorie coat of walking a given distance is lowest at a walking speed of about ____ miles per hour:

1.5

ligaments that limit shoulder flexion and extension at the glenohumeral joint

coracohumeral ligament

the most superficial muscle in the posterior trunk

longissimus

the average total range of motion for knee axial rotation

40 deg.

the strongest support for the longitudinal arch of the foot is the:

tibialis posterior

men climbing high mountains will have enormous water losses from:

increased urination

given a blood pressure of 130/95, the mean arterial pressure is around:

107mmHg

the main function is to stabilize the scapula

serratus anterior

the center of gravity of the extended upper extremity is approximately:

just above the elbow joint

ulnar deviation at the wrist is brought about by the action of the

flexor carpi ulnaris with the extensor carpi ulnaris

a person's grip is weaker, if his wrist is in a flexed

passive insufficiency of the finger extensors and active insufficiency of the finger flexorst

the cellular property of neurons which enables them to receives and transmit information is

excitability

a stab would to the popliteal fossa will primarily injure which structure

popliteal artery

neck side flexion isometric movements is a test for muscles innervated by roots:

C3-C4

this term implies passage of an impulse across a junction

conduction

if the heart rate is 60bpm and the stroke volume is 90mL, then cardiac output is:

5.4L

with paralysis of the gastrocsoleus

there will be marked difficult in running and jumping

anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint is usually potentiated by weakness of this muscle

subscapularis

during your dissection, in order to expose the brachial artery at the elbow, you have tp cut this structure

bicipital aponeurosis

deconditioning effects of prolonged bed rest, EXCEPT

decrease in the heart rate response to effort

the epiphysis of a bone is

located next to the joint

the H-zone contains

myosin

the soleus muscles

contains a higher proportion of slow-twitch fibers compared to the gastrocnemius

which of the following correctly describes the intrapleural pressure during a normal unforced breathing

always negative

the teres minor as a rotator cuff muscle

prevent shoulder subluxation when carrying a load in the hand while standing erect

the connection tissue covering of a muscle fiber

endomysium

injury to this nerve produces this type of winging of the scapula. the medial border of the scapula is closer to the midline and the inferior angle is medially rotated:

long thoracic

the hip hiking muscle

quadratus lumborum

NOT a characteristic of the lateral epicondyle

it is more prominent than the medial epicondyle

in the contrast to a nerve action potential a muscle action potential has

a more negative resting membrane potential

the first heart sound is associated with the closure of

tricuspid and mitral valves

how many compartments are in the lower leg

NOT found in the I-band

meromyosin

a hacking wound in the posterior and midpart of the arm by a halo may injure the following, EXCEPT:

musculocutaneous nerve

death of the cortex of the bone from occlusion of the nutrient vessels caused by intense infection is called:

sequestrum

the tibialis anterior

is not capable of everting the foot at all

true of the brachialis muscle

its effectively as an elbow flexor is unaffected by the position of the forearm

the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee is taut during

full side extension