APHUG Chapter 19

Question 1

Functional Zonation

Answer 1

the division of the city into certain regions. (zones) for certain purposes (functions)

Question 2

Central Business district

Answer 2

where a large amount of businesses are located

Question 3

Concentric Zone Model

Answer 3

A city that is described as a Concentric Zone Model city will have a central business district which is surrounded by a series of rings with varying levels of development.

Question 4

Burgess Model

Answer 4

a city model that proposes that cities grow outward from a central area in concentric rings with distinct land use patterns.

Question 5

Sector Model

Answer 5

The Hoyt Sector Model uses pie-shaped wedges to illustrate his theory of land use and the CBD is at the center of the urban area.

Question 6

Hoyts Model

Answer 6

l suggests that people will live in the different sectors based on income levels

Question 7

Multiple Nuclei Model

Answer 7

a city that does not have one central area, but instead has several nodes that act as regional centers for economic or residential activity within one larger city

Question 8

Peripheral Model

Answer 8

describes how economic, political, and social conditions influence spatial patterns in urban areas

Question 9

Galactic city

Answer 9

a city with growth independent of the CBD that is traditionally connected to the central city by means of an arterial highway or interstate.

Question 10

Edge cities

Answer 10

It refers to a type of city that has arisen very recently in a comparatively short space of time. The city exists on the fringes of a larger city and acts as a regional hub for recreation

Question 11

Griffen-Ford model

Answer 11

a model used in urban geography to analyze the spatial layout of cities. It examines the relationship between land use and transportation accessibility.

Question 12

Zone of Transition

Answer 12

low-quality housing that is close in proximity to industrial and manufacturing jobs in the Commercial Business District

Question 13

Spine

Answer 13

a linear corridor or axis that runs through the center or core area of a city.

Question 14

Mall

Answer 14

an area that grows along a spine and is filled with restaurants, parks, theaters, etc.

Question 15

Periferico

Answer 15

uter ring of a Latin American city, characterized by poverty, lack of infrastructure, and shantytowns

Question 16

Shantyowns

Answer 16

areas of poorly built housing

Question 17

Favelas

Answer 17

neighborhoods where extreme poverty is common (also known as barrios)

Question 18

Disamenity Zones

Answer 18

areas not connected to city services, usually controlled by drug lords and/or gangs

Question 19

Traditional CBD

Answer 19

CBD that existed before European colonization

Question 20

Colonial CBD

Answer 20

CBD was established by empires in their colonies

Question 21

Informal Economy Zone

Answer 21

stall-based businesses sell goods without formal regulations

Question 22

Periodic Markets

Answer 22

small scale merchants congregate weekly or yearly to sell goods

Question 23

Informal settlements

Answer 23

areas of a city without planning, usually insufficient water and public transport or other services

Question 24

Squatter Settlemets

Answer 24

parts of a city where people reside wherever they can find space, usually due to a rapid influx of people

Question 25

Mosque

Answer 25

Muslim place of worship

Question 26

Citadel

Answer 26

a fort designed to protect the city, usually found in Islamic communities

Question 27

Suqs

Answer 27

market streets, found typically in Middle Eastern countries

Question 28

McGee Model

Answer 28

Southeast Asian city model, where the port is the focal point of the city

Question 29

Zone Ordinances

Answer 29

regulations that define what buildings can be built in certain areas

Question 30

Urban Planning

Answer 30

process of promoting growth and controlling how land is used

Question 31

Residential zones

Answer 31

areas devoted to where people live

Question 32

Residential Density Gradient

Answer 32

population density declines as you move out from a city

Question 33

Filtering

Answer 33

houses pass from one social group to another

Question 34

Invasion and Succession

Answer 34

where one ethnic/social group replaces another

Question 35

Gated communities

Answer 35

planned suburban areas where the access is controlled

Question 36

Big-Box Retail

Answer 36

large commercial stores, such as Walmart and Target

Question 37

Suburbanization of Business

Answer 37

movement of commerce out to the suburbs

Question 38

Municipal

Answer 38

local government in a town/city

Question 39

Annexation

Answer 39

adding land to a city’s territory

Question 40

Incorporation

Answer 40

legally joining together to form a city

Question 41

Bedroom Communities

Answer 41

a commuter suburb

Question 42

Consolidation

Answer 42

one or more elements of government are handled jointly across municipalities

Question 43

Special Districts

Answer 43

area of a city that solves a special need (ex. public transport)

Question 44

Unincorporated Area

Answer 44

areas that do not fall within the legal boundary of a city or municipality

Question 45

Census Tracts

Answer 45

geographic region that forms the basis of the census

Question 46

Census Block

Answer 46

small subdivision in a census tract

Question 47

Social Area Analysis

Answer 47

analyzing data about cities, such as crime, pollution, etc.