Aphasia Flashcards
What is aphasia?
Aphasia is an acquired disturbance of the comprehension and formulation of language caused by dysfunction in specific brain regions.
Aphasia is a supramodel disorder? What exactly does that mean?
Supramodel means that it transcends sensory modalities, such as vision and hearing. Usually refers to an area of the brain that implements abstract functionality common to more than one source of sensory data. For instance, the areas of the brain concerned with language processing can integrate data from the visual, auditory and tactile areas of the brain.
The diseases/causes underlying language disorders vary greatly. Name some!
developmental disorders - dyslexia
genetic disorders - KE-family FoxP2-gene
cerebrovascular disease - stroke, ICH
traumatic brain injury - often with executive dysfunction
infectious disease - herpes-encephalitis
tumours - astrocytoma
degenerative diseases - AD, Pick, FTLD, primary progressive aphasias
Broca‘s aphasia
- non-fluent
- effortful
- agrammatism
- phonematic paraphasias
- combination with AOS/ Dysarthria
Wernicke‘s aphasia
- fluent / logorrhoic
- paragrammatism
- semantic/ phonematic paraphasias
- Neologisms
- repetitions
- comprehension impaired
The two principal aphasia types have been dissociated from different vantage points. How?
What are the main aphasias, their cardinal symptom and their fluency/comprehension aspects?
