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APGO Questions Flashcards

1
Q

hemodilutional anemia

A

lower hemaglobin

normal MCV

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2
Q

acute pulmonary edema in pregnancy

A

tocolytics
preeclampsia
fluid overload
cardiac disease

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3
Q

tocolytics

A

prevent labor

terbutaline, magnesium sulfate, nifedipine

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4
Q

SVR

A

decreases during pregnancy

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5
Q

next step with molar pregnancy

A

chest x ray

lungs are come sites for metastases

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6
Q

BMI <18.5

A

gain 28-40 lbs

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7
Q

BMI 18.5-24.9

A

gain 25 -35 lbs

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8
Q

BMI 25 -29.9

A

gain 15-25 lbs

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9
Q

BMI >30

A

gain 11-20 lbs

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10
Q

women with poorly controlled A1c

A

organ defects - especially cardiac and CNS

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11
Q

CVS

A

10-12 weeks

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12
Q

best screen for trisomy 21

A

sequential screen

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13
Q

fetal loss with CVS

A

1%

not associated with previous miscarriages

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14
Q

First Trimester Screening

A

Maternal Age
Fetal Nuchal Translucency Thickness
maternal serum-free Bhcg
PAPP-A

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15
Q

Down Syndrome

A

elevated Bhcg, low PAPP-A

low MSAFP, elevated Hcg, low Ue3

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16
Q

Second Trimester Screening

A

AFP, hcg, UE3

16-20 weeks

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17
Q

AFP

A

open neural tube defects

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18
Q

acetylcholinesterase

A

open neural tube defect

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19
Q

trisomy 18

A

low AFP, hcg, UE3

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20
Q

sequential screening

A

first and second trimester screening, disclose both

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21
Q

integrated screening

A

first and second trimester screening, disclose after both

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22
Q

dilation

A

cervical os widening

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23
Q

complete dilation

A

10 cm

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24
Q

effacement

A

shortening or thinning of cervix

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25
Q

nromal cervical length

A

> 3.5

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26
Q

station

A

position o ffetal presenting part in relation to ischial spines

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27
Q

high station

A

-2 and higher

above ischial spines

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28
Q

low station

A

+2 and lower

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29
Q

position of cervix

A

posterior, mid, anterior

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30
Q

latent labor

A

onset of CTX and cervical change until 4 cm

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31
Q

active labor

A

4 cm to delivery of baby

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32
Q

greater bishop score

A

shorter latent labor

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33
Q

length of latent labor

A

6.5 h, 5h

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34
Q

First Stage of Active Labor

A

dilation from 4 cm to complete

4.5h, 2.5h

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35
Q

second stage of active labor

A

complete until baby delivery

60 min, 30 min

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36
Q

third stage of labor

A

baby delievry to placental delivery

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37
Q

3 Ps of labor

A 
power
passenger
pelvis (pelvic type)
38
Q

power

A

strength, duration, frequency of contractions

use MVU or IUPC

39
Q

passenger

A

clinical estimation of fetal weight, presentation, lie

40
Q

1st degree perineal lacerations

A

vaginal mucosa

41
Q

2nd degree perineal laceration

A

underlying subcutanous tissue

42
Q

3rd degree perineal laceration

A

through rectal sphincter

43
Q

4th degree perineal laceration

A

extends into rectal mucosa

44
Q

pregnant pt with preexisting diabetes

45
Q

gestational diabetes conditions

A

shoulder dystocia
preeclampsia
polyhydraminos
fetal macrosomnia

46
Q

folic acid supplementation

A

0.4mg

4 mg for previous NTD

47
Q

variable decelerations

A

umbilical cord compression

48
Q

late decelerations

A

uteroplacental insuff

49
Q

fibronectin test

A

negative predictive value

50
Q

delay labor in PPROM

A

antibiotics

51
Q

bleeding and cracked nipples

A

due to poor positioning of infant

52
Q

lactation suppression

A

breast binding, ice packs, analgesics

53
Q

syphilis treatment during pregnancy

A

penicillin only

54
Q

Hcg discriminatory zone

A

2000 miU/ml

55
Q

progesterone level in pregnancy

56
Q

mifepristone

A

progesterone receptor antagonist

57
Q

treatment for ectopic pregnancy

A

MTX

laparoscopy

58
Q

spontaneous abortion

A

ends before 20 weeks

any or all POC passed

59
Q

Complete abortion

A

expulsion of all POC

60
Q

incomplete abortion

A

partial expulsion of POC

61
Q

threatened abortion

A

vaginal bleeding before 20 weeks

no expulsion of POC

62
Q

Missed abortion

A

retain all POC

63
Q

first trimester spontaneous abortions

A

genetic abnormalities

64
Q

most common chromosomal abnormalities in abortions

A

autosomal trisomy

65
Q

diseases associated with early pregnancy loss

A

DM
chronic renal dz
lupus
thyroid dz

66
Q

grand mal seizure in pregnancy, treat with

A

magnesium sulfate

67
Q

normal Mag levels

68
Q

fetal anemia

A

tachycardia

sinusoidal pattern

69
Q

increase AFP

A

twins
NTD
cystic hygroma

70
Q

fraternal twins

A

2 separate placentas
dividing membrane greater than 2mm
twin peak/lambda sign

71
Q

twin twin syndrome - surviving twin

A

neurological squelae

72
Q

CVS - when

A

10-12 weeks

73
Q

amniocentesis - when

A

> 15 weeks

74
Q

when to give Rhogam

A

28 weeks + within 72 hours of delivery

bleeding

75
Q

how to detect severe fetal anemia

A

doppler ultrasonography/peak systolic velocity

76
Q

Rh disease can be associated with

A 
fetal hydropis (fluid collection in two cavities)
polyhydroaminos
77
Q

Rh disease - what to measure for indicating severity of dz in amniotic fluid

78
Q

placenta previa

A

placenta over internal cervical os

79
Q

placenta accreta

A

invasion of placenta into uterine wall (superficial myometrium)

80
Q

placenta increta

A

placenta invades myometrium

81
Q

placenta percreta

A

placenta invades to uterine serosa

82
Q

if you have placenta previa, at risk for

A

placenta accreta, particulary if c/s hx

83
Q

placenta abruption symptoms

A

bleeding
pain
hypertonicity of uterus
fetal distress

84
Q

risk factors for placental abruption

A

smoking, cocaine
chronic htn
trauma

85
Q

bloody show

A

friable cervix that bleeds easily

86
Q

uncontrolled diabetes =

A

birth defects

87
Q

DM vs APAS vs hypothyroid

A

polyhydro in DM

oligohydro in APAS, hypothyroid

88
Q

painless cervical dilation

A

cervical incompetence/insufficiency

89
Q

primary risk factor for PPROM

A

genital tract infection

90
Q

hyperthecosis

A

hyperplasia of theca interna of ovary

91
Q

colpocleisis

A

surgical obliterate the vagina

no general anesthesia

92
Q

greatest risk for endometritis

A

prolonged labor

OBGYN (5 decks)

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