AP103 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the physiological effects of altitude?

A

Altitude is a threat that causes a disruption of O2 to the body and/or to the brain.

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2
Q

What is the most dangerous form of hypoxia and what is it caused by?

A

Hypoxic Hypoxia, caused by altitude

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3
Q

What do all forms of hypoxia have in common?

A

The all disrupt O2 delivery to the brain

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4
Q

What type of hypoxia has the fastest recovery time and how fast is it?

A

Hypoxic hypoxia, within 3 to 4 breaths

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5
Q

What is a basic definition of hypoxic hypoxia?

A

A form of hypoxia caused by altitude that creates a deficiency in alveolar O2 exchange.

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6
Q

How much can rapid decompression reduce your time of useful consciousness?

A

Up to 50%

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7
Q

When can rapid decomp happen?

A

AT ANY TIME

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8
Q

What is the most important thing to know about the symptoms of hypoxic hypoxia?

A

Know your own symptoms

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9
Q

What is the main treatment for an hypoxic individual?

A

Provide them O2

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10
Q

What is hypocapnia and how is it caused?

A

Low CO2 levels and is the result of eliminating too much CO2 from your body. Excessive rate of breathing and/or an excessive depth of breathing can cause hypocapnia.

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11
Q

What are some of the causes of hypocapnia?

A
  1. Emotional Stress
  2. Hypoxic Hypoxia
  3. Improper Pressure Breathing
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12
Q

All physiological symptoms of hypoxia or hypocapnia are treated differently, T/F? If true or false, explain the treatment

A

True, normalize and control rate and depth of breathing.

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13
Q

What are the 4 trapped gas disorders?

A
  1. Ear Block
  2. Sinus Block
  3. GI Symptoms
  4. Tooth Pain
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14
Q

What two trapped gas disorders are caused from moving from an area of low pressure to an area of high pressure?

A

Ear and sinus block

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15
Q

What two trapped gas disorders are caused from moving from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure?

A

GI and tooth pain

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16
Q

What is the main prevention for hypocapnia?

A

Control your breathing

17
Q

What is the treatment for an ear block?

A

Valsalva, swallowing, yawning

18
Q

What is the treatment for sinus block?

A

Level off or gain altitude and Valsalva

19
Q

When should you Valsalva?

A

Only on descent

20
Q

What should you do if you experience tooth pain during flight?

A

Descend and immediately report the issue to the flight surgeon

21
Q

What is the most common type of Decompression Sickness and where does it manifest?

A

The Bends, it manifests in the joints or/and as muscle pain.

22
Q

What can help with Decompression Sickness?

23
Q

If you are experiencing the Bends, what should you do?

A

Immobilize the area

24
Q

What is decompression sickness caused by?

A

Nitrogen coming out of solution in the tissues and blood

25
What is the most dangerous characteristic of hypoxic hypoxia?
Its insidious onset
26
What are some general signs and symptoms of hypoxia?
Blurring and impaired vision, hot or cold flashes, dizziness, light headedness, euphoria, tingling
27
What is time of useful consciuousness
The period of time from interruption of the oxygen supply to the time when useful function is lost