AP Psychology Unit 8 Intelligence and Testing

Question 1

Intelligence

Answer 1

Ability to learn, solve problems, and apply into different situations.

Question 2

Charles Spearman

Answer 2

Created the (g) theory

Question 3

General Intelligence (g)

Answer 3

There is a general intelligence underlying all of our mental abilities

Question 4

Factor Analysis

Answer 4

Statistical procedure in analyzing clusters

Question 5

L.L Thurstone

Answer 5

Opposed Spearman’s idea of (g) and propsed there are 7 clusters of intelligence. Investigators found that people who excelled in one tended to be good at others, implying a (g).

Question 6

Howard Garner

Answer 6

Proposed there are 8-9 types of independent intelligence.

Question 7

Savant Syndrome

Answer 7

Lacking in social abilities but a genius in one specific area.

Question 8

Robert Sternburg

Answer 8

Agreed with Garner that there are more than one intelligence and created the Tri-archic theory.

Question 9

Triarchic Theory

Answer 9

Analytical, Logical, and Creative intelligence.

Question 10

Emotional Intelligence

Answer 10

Ability to understand, perceive, and manage emotions.

Question 11

Intelligence Test

Answer 11

Assess people’s intelligence and compares it with others

Question 12

Achievement Tests

Answer 12

Tests what you’ve learned. Like AP Exams

Question 13

Aptitude Tests

Answer 13

Predicts your performance, like the SAT

Question 14

Francis Galton

Answer 14

A proponent of scientific racism; he supported eugenics.

Question 15

Alfred Binet

Answer 15

Organized the mental age testto separate schoolchildren in France to identify which kids needed help.

Question 16

Mental Age

Answer 16

The level of performance associated with the chronological age.

Question 17

Lewis Terman

Answer 17

Composed the Binet-Stanford IQ test and believed intelligence was innate.

Question 18

IQ

Answer 18

Mental Age/Chronological Age

Question 19

David Wechsler

Answer 19

Viewed intelligence as an effect rather than a cause and that suggested things like personality can affect intelligence.

Question 20

WAIS

Answer 20

This was revolutionary; previous tests only measured verbal intelligence but this tested nonverbal intelligence too.

Question 21

Standardization

Answer 21

Making a test standard by haviing a pretested group to compare

Question 22

Normal Curve/Bell Curve

Answer 22

Having a low and high extreme and average in a group.

Question 23

Reliability

Answer 23

Whether if the test yields consistent results

Question 24

Validity

Answer 24

Whether the test measures it really aims to measure, like a driving test should include actual driving and not questions.

Question 25

Content Validity

Answer 25

The extent the test measures on the specific area. Like to obtain a license, the

Question 26

Predictive Validity

Answer 26

The extend the test predicts the success.

Question 27

Cohort

Answer 27

A group of people sharing similar characteristics like age.

Question 28

Crystallized Intelligence

Answer 28

Accumulated knowledge over time. Increases with age.

Question 29

Fluid Intelligence

Answer 29

Logic and reasoning, decreases with age.

Question 30

Cross-sectional Study

Answer 30

Study where people of different ages are studied and compared at the same point of time.

Question 31

Longitudinal Study

Answer 31

Study where the same group of people is studied for a long period of time.

Question 32

Intellectual Disability

Answer 32

Limited mental ability, below 70 on the Stanford-Binet test.

Question 33

Down Syndrome

Answer 33

Extra copy of the 21st chromosome and limited mental abilities accompanied by physical defects.

Question 34

Heritability

Answer 34

The extend to which we can attribute our traits to genetics and not due to environment.

Question 35

Carol Dweck

Answer 35

Believed that intelligence was changeable and not fixed. Taught a growth mindset where the brain was a muscle that could grow with use.

Question 36

Stereotype Threat

Answer 36

Performing worse when subjects believe they are conforming to negative stereotypes.