AP Psych: practice skills vocab quiz (1st 27 terms)

Question 1

involves the use of independent variable(s) and random
assignment to groups

Answer 1

Experimental
methodologies

Question 2

includes case study, correlation, meta-analysis, and naturalistic observations

Answer 2

Non-experimental methodologies

Question 3

a non-experimental technique in which one individual or
group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal
principles

Answer 3

case study

Question 4

a measure of the extent to which two factors vary together,
and thus of how well either factor predicts the other

Answer 4

correlation

Question 5

a statistical procedure for analyzing the results of multiple
studies to reach an overall conclusion

Answer 5

meta-analysis

Question 6

a non-experimental technique of observing and recording
behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to
manipulate and control the situation

Answer 6

naturalistic observation

Question 7

a testable prediction, often implied by a theory

Answer 7

hypothesis

Question 8

a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used
in a research study

Answer 8

operational definitions

Question 9

repeating the essence of a research study, usually with
different participants in different situations, to see whether
the basic finding can be reproduced

Answer 9

replication

Question 10

in an experiment, the factor that is manipulated; the variable that is being studied

Answer 10

independent
variable(s)

Question 11

in an experiment, the outcome that is measured; the variable that may change when the independent variable is
manipulated

Answer 11

dependent variable(s)

Question 12

in an experiment, a factor other than the factor being
studied that might influence a study’s results

Answer 12

confounding
variable(s)

Question 13

a subset of a population of interest that is selected for
study with the aim of making inferences to the population.
It is important to ensure that a sample is representative of
the larger population

Answer 13

sample

Question 14

all those in a group being studied, from which samples
may be drawn

Answer 14

population

Question 15

the selection of study units (e.g., participants, homes,
schools) from a larger group (population) in an unbiased
way, such that the sample obtained accurately reflects the
total population

Answer 15

representative
sample

Question 16

a sample that fairly represents a population because each
member has an equal chance of inclusion

Answer 16

random sampling

Question 17

any process for selecting a sample of individuals or cases
that is neither random nor systematic but rather is governed by chance or ready availability

Answer 17

convenience sampling

Question 18

a flawed sampling process that produces an unrepresentative sample

Answer 18

sampling bias

Question 19

the process of deriving a concept, judgment, principle,
or theory from a limited number of specific cases and
applying it more widely, often to an entire class of objects,
events, or people

Answer 19

generalization

Question 20

in an experiment, the group exposed to the treatment, that
is, to one version of the independent variable

Answer 20

experimental group

Question 21

in an experiment, the group not exposed to the treatment,
contrasts with the experimental group and serves as a
comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment

Answer 21

control group

Question 22

results caused by expectations alone

Answer 22

placebo

Question 23

an experimental procedure in which the research participants are ignorant about whether they have received the treatment or a placebo

Answer 23

single blind procedure

Question 24

an experimental procedure in which both the research participants and the research staff are ignorant about whether
the research participants have received the treatment or
a placebo

Answer 24

double blind procedures

Question 25

in an experiment, a factor other than the factor being
studied that might influence a study’s results

Answer 25

confounding
variables

Question 26

a research method that relies on in-depth, narrative data
that are not translated into numbers

Answer 26

qualitative measures

Question 27

a research method that relies on quantifiable, numerical
data

Answer 27

quantitative measures