AP Notes 102-122 Flashcards
where two or more words join together to make a new word
portmanteau
this is the linking of two or more words about the same topic to make one combined word
coinage of portmanteau
an erroneous argument dependent upon an unsound or
illogical contention. There are many fallacy examples that we can find in
everyday conversations.
fallacy
Appeal to ignorance happens when one individual
utilizes another individual’s lack of information on a specific subject as
proof that his or her own particular argument is right.
appeal to ignorance
This sort of error is also known as “Argumentum
Verecundia” (argument from modesty). Instead of concentrating on the
benefits of an argument, the arguer will attempt to append their argument
to an individual of power or authority, in an effort to give trustworthiness
to their argument.
appeal to auhtority
This sort of appeal is when somebody asserts
that a thought or conviction is correct, since it is the thing that the general
population accepts.
appeal to popular opinion
Sometimes called “guilt by affiliation,” this happens
when somebody connects a particular thought or issue to something or
somebody negative, so as to infer blame on another individual.
association fallacy
Also regarded as “argumentum ad hominem”
(argument against the man), this is a common fallacy used during debates,
where an individual substitutes a rebuttal with a personal insult.
attacking the person
The conclusion of a contention is accepted as a
statement of the inquiry itself.
begging the question
This fallacy is also known as “circulus in probando.”
This error is committed when an argument takes its evidence from an
element inside the argument itself, instead of from an outside source.
circular argument
Also called “cum hoc ergo propter hoc,”
this fallacy is a deception in which the individual making the contention
joins two occasions that happen consecutively, and accepts that one
created or caused the other
relationship implies causation
Sometimes called “bifurcation,” this sort of
error happens when somebody presents their argument in such a way that
there are just two conceivable alternatives left.
false dilemma/dichotomy
This is a fallacy wherein somebody attests a
conclusion that does not follow from the suggestions or facts.
illogical conclusion
This error happens when one contends that an
exceptionally minor movement will unavoidably prompt great and
frequently ludicrous conclusions.
slippery slope
a literary term that involves commenting on or against an opponent in order to undermine him rather than his argument
ad hominem
