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AP Government & Politics - US > AP MC Exam 1 - Study Guide Review > Flashcards

AP MC Exam 1 - Study Guide Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Causes to why the federal government has grown so quickly?

A
  • states are in constant need of proper resources to supply wants & needs of their respective areas
  • fed. government must accommodate such needs
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2
Q

McCulloch vs. Maryland

A
  • issue at hand: creation of a national bank in the US (Hamilton vs. Jefferson)
  • Refusal to renew charter of the national bank **creation of a Second National Bank
  • MARYLAND: State of Maryland wanted to tax the bank since it was within its borders
  • MCCULLOCH: denies to pay tax because the bank was under federal government
  • FINAL DECISION: Congress had the right to create the national bank; Elastic Clause
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3
Q

Extradition

A

removal of a person from requested state to a requesting state for criminal prosecution or punishment

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4
Q

How many times has the constitution been amended?

A

27 times

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5
Q

Federalism?

A
  • the relationship between the federal gov. & state gov.
  • layered divisions between both branches
  • states specific powers and responsibilities for each branch/simultaneous
  • can be undermined by lack of voter participation
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6
Q

Privileges & Immunities Clause?

A
  • protects people’s rights in each state they enter
  • prevents states from treating other state citizens unfairly
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7
Q

Social Contract Theory?

A
  • based from the writings of John Locke
  • based on the belief that the people and the fed. government had a “contract” that the people had the authority to change such leadership when it proves to be faulty
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8
Q

Who takes over for the Senate when the VP is absent?

A

President Pro Tempore - const. recognized officer of the Senate

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9
Q

Senate Term?

A
  • 6 years
  • looked at as the more senior chamber
  • responsible for confirmation of laws etc..
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10
Q

HOR Term?

A
  • 2 years
  • looked at as the “people’s chamber”
  • responsible for rev. & taxes
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11
Q

Presidency Terms?

A
  • 4 years
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12
Q

Pluralist Theory?

A
  • politics regarded within a competition among various groups pressing for their own wants & needs
  • more than one center of power
  • coexistence of multiple interests
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13
Q

Checks & Balances?

A
  • DEFINITION: a balance system of powers given to each branch to prevent overreach of power
    1. Makes Laws (leg.) + Veto Laws (exec.)
    2. Makes Laws (leg.) + Unconst. (jud.)
    3. Veto Laws (exec.) + Override Veto (leg.)
    4. Can Impeach Exec. (Leg.)
    5. Exec. Orders (exec.) + Unconst. (jud.)
    6. Interpret Laws (jud.) + Nominate Judges (exec.)
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14
Q

Antifederalist fears?

A
  • worried federal power make take over again
  • trauma from the British monarchy
  • no BOR established
  • nation’s growing population + size
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15
Q

Full Faith & Credit Clause?

A
  • each state has to protect other states’ legislative choices, records, etc.
  • Article 4, Section 1
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16
Q

Unitary System?

A

all governing power given to a central state of power

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17
Q

US v. Lopez?

A
  • MAIN ISSUE: Did the federal gov. overstep its powers?
  • Firearm possession is not under the means of interstate commerce *Commerce Clause
  • overreached boundaries: suspect was already undergoing state charges
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18
Q

Civil Law of 1964?

A

outlawed discrimination against race, color, religion, sex, and national origin
*14th Amendment

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19
Q

James Madison + Factions?

A
  • Federalist Paper 10
  • strong central gov. would help protect against the methods of “factions”
  • factions are groups that lead through specific narrow interests
  • fear that these narrow factions could take over w/o a proper fed. gov.
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20
Q

Drinking Age + Federal Highway Grants?

A
  • the US has a drinking age of 21
  • Lousiana: wanted age to be 18
  • Federal gov. : would allow but the state would not receive grants for highway funding
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21
Q

Virginia Plan vs. NJ Plan?

A
  • main issue: form of government?
  • Virginia Plan: wanted a bi-cameral legislative (more population = more members)
  • NJ Plan: wanted a unicameral legislative
    (one equal vote)
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22
Q

Federal vs. State Powers?

A

FEDERAL
- declare war
- coin money
- establish foreign policy
- interstate & foreign trade
CONCURRENT
- court systems/criminal justice
- raise taxes
- educational sys.
STATE
- establish local gov.
- regulate intrastate commerce
- ratify amendments

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23
Q

Impeachment Steps?

A
  1. HOR - vote of a simple majority
  2. Senate - trial
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24
Q

Specific Qualifications for Presidency?

A
  • 35+
  • Natural-born citizen
  • must have lived in US for 14 years
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25
Q

Block vs. Categorical Grants?

A
  • Grant: government funding for projects or public services
  • Block Grants: for greater/general purchases
  • Commercial Grants: for more specific purchases/narrowly defined purposes
26
Q

Marbury v. Madison?

A
  • IMPORTANT: established the principle of judicial review
27
Q

Mandate?

A

an official order, commission, or authority to carry out a policy

28
Q

Electoral College?

A

Definition: the process by which the United States elects the President, even though that term does not appear in the U.S. Constitution. In this process, the States elect the President and Vice President.
Process: works through the heads of electors, elected from the state’s political party
Tie? - HOR chooses with each state having one vote: A majority of states (26) is needed to win

29
Q

Article 1

A
  • legislative branch duties
  • congress
  • senate
  • HOR
  • elections
30
Q

Article 2

A
  • executive branch duties
31
Q

Article 3

A
  • judicial branch duties
32
Q

Article 4

A
  • state relations
  • full credit and faith clause
  • state gov.
33
Q

Article 5

A
  • amendment process
  • 2/3 from both houses
  • 2/3 from states - convention
34
Q

Article 6

A
  • no religious exams for office
  • treaties
35
Q

Article 7

A
  • ratification
36
Q

Amendment 1

A

freedom of religion, press, assembly, & petition

37
Q

Amendment 2

A

right to bear arms

38
Q

Amendment 3

A

no quartering soldiers

39
Q

Amendment 4

A

search & seizure

40
Q

Amendment 5

A
  • due process law
  • grand jury
  • double jeopardy
  • self-incrimination
41
Q

Amendment 6

A
  • speedy trial
  • counsel
  • confront witnesses
42
Q

Amendment 7

A
  • jury trial in civil cases
43
Q

Amendment 8

A
  • no unusual punishments
44
Q

Amendment 9

A
  • non-enumerated powers given to people
45
Q

Amendment 10

A
  • fed. gov cannot assume powers
  • rights reserved to states or people
46
Q

Amendment 11

A

rules of cases: basically outlines what cases the fed. court can/not take

47
Q

Amendment 12

A

President and VP Selection

48
Q

Amendment 13

A

abolition of slavery

49
Q

Amendment 14

A
  • due process clause
  • equal protection clause
  • paid debts
  • citizenship rights
50
Q

Amendment 15

A

black men can vote

51
Q

Amendment 16

A

creation of the income tax

52
Q

Amendment 17

A

the direct election of senators

53
Q

Amendment 18

A

no liquor

54
Q

Amendment 19

A

women can vote

55
Q

Amendment 20

A

inauguration date + assembly of congress

56
Q

Amendment 21

A

liquor !

57
Q

Amendment 22

A

two term limit for presidency

58
Q

Amendment 23

A

DC vote

59
Q

Amendment 24

A

no poll taxes

60
Q

Amendment 25

A

president succession

61
Q

Amendment 26

A

vote 18+

62
Q

Amendment 27

A

congressional pay raises

AP Government & Politics - US (4 decks)

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