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AP March 9 Test > AP March 9 Test COPY > Flashcards

AP March 9 Test COPY Flashcards

1
Q

What does GII stand for?

A

Gender Inequality Index

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2
Q

Historically, where was the industrial heartland of the U.S.?

A

The North

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3
Q

What is break-of-bulk?

A

Goods change the way they are transported(Air to Ship)

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4
Q

What form of transportation is the quickest and most expensive?

A

Air

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5
Q

Where are most right-to-work states?

A

U.S. South and West

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6
Q

What is bulk-reducing industry?

A

when out-going products weigh less or cost less than incoming resources

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7
Q

What is a single market industry?

A

products sold in one location or to a small group of industries

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8
Q

IN the US & Europe, what is industry shifting towards?

A

Cars, Textiles

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9
Q

What are maquiladoras? Where are they? Who owns them?

A

Countries own companies with factories in other countries, on the us and mexico border, US

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10
Q

What is a secondary economic activity?

A

portion of the economy that is concerned with receiving raw materials and transforming them into serviceable items, properties or other goods

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11
Q

Businesses that don’t take into account location are known as what industry?

A

1

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12
Q

Where are maquiladoras found? What country and what region of that country?

A

on the border of the US and Mexico

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13
Q

What is the cheapest and slowest form of transportation?

A

Ship

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14
Q

What is lean production? What are pros? Cons?

A

elimination of waste within a manufacturing system
saves money and time
unbalanced economy

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15
Q

What is mass production? What are pros? Cons?

A

the manufacture of large quantities of standardized products
Less Labor Costs, Fast Production Rate
wasted resources, no assurance

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16
Q

What is bulk-gaining industry?

A

when out going products weigh more or cost more than incoming resources

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17
Q

What is cottage industry?

A

business or manufacturing activity carried on in a person’s home.

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18
Q

What is the World System Theory?

A

an approach to world history and social change that suggests there is a world economic system in which some countries benefit while others are exploited

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19
Q

What is GNI?

A

gross national income(GNI) is the total domestic and foreign output claimed by residents of a country

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20
Q

What is the tertiary sector of the economy?

A

provisions of goods and services to people

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21
Q

What is the primary economic sector?

A

activities that directly extract materials from the earth

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22
Q

What resources does the US, Russia and Saudi Arabia dominate production of?

A

Oil

23
Q

What is the footloose industry?

A

industry that can be located anywhere

24
Q

What does just in time delivery reduce?

A

waste

25
Q

Where do primary and secondary economic activities take place? Tertiary?

A

Primary: Where natural resources are located
Secondary: where manufacturing takes place
Tertiary: Where services take place

26
Q

What process allowed Silicon Valley and the Research Triangle to develop?

A

Break-of-bulk point

27
Q

Where are good produced in maquiladoras sold?

A

In the US

28
Q

What are the four levels of HDI?

A

Developed, High, medium, low

29
Q

What region of the US is experiencing deindustrialization?

A

North

30
Q

What is the New International Division of Labor?

A

The term was coined by theorists seeking to explain the spatial shift of manufacturing industries from advanced capitalist countries to developing countries

31
Q

How were goods produced prior to the Industrial Revolution?

A

manufacturing was often done in people’s homes, using hand tools or basic machines

32
Q

What are EPZs? Where are they found?

A

export-processing zone (EPZ) set up generally in developing countries

33
Q

What is driving deindustrialization?

A

removal or reduction of industrial capacity or activity in a country or region, spreading of industrialization into others areas while it leaves the main area

34
Q

What assumptions does rostow takeoff model make?

A

countries want to modernize and grow

35
Q

What is the Brandt Line?

A

an invisible line across the world that divides the rich north from the poor south.

36
Q

What factors have led to the expansion of maquiladoras and other EPZs?

A

More developing countries encouraging trade and other exports

37
Q

Where was the first, second and third worlds?

A

First world- Developed countries
Second world-Developing countries
Third world- all the other countries

38
Q

What is the most fuel efficient method of transportation?

A

Train

39
Q

What three traits do most just in time delivered goods share?

A

Reduce waste, reduce time, saves money

40
Q

What is a right-to-work state?

A

laws prohibit agreements between employers and labor unions

41
Q

What are the Asian Tigers?

A

Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan.

42
Q

What type of manufacturing are traditional assembly lines?

A

Fordism

43
Q

What is a backwash effect example?

A

the influence that a test has on the way students are taught

44
Q

What is foreign direct investment?

A

an investment made by a company or individual in one country in business interests in another country

45
Q

What is austerity?

A

To revive the economy government sharply reduces taxes and severely cuts government spending.

46
Q

What is fair trade?

A

Policies that favor oversight of foreign direct investment and outsourcing to ensure that workers throughout the world are guaranteed a living wage for their work

47
Q

What are the UN Millennium Goals? What do they all attempt to do?

A

Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Achieve universal primary education
Promote gender equality and empower women
Reduce child mortality
Improve maternal health
Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
Ensure environmental sustainability
Develop a global partnership for development
Help the world

48
Q

What is another name for a “mom and pop store?”

A

General store

49
Q

When a company control all, or most, of the means of harvest, move and sell of a good?

A

1

50
Q

What is a cartel?

A

an association of manufacturers or suppliers with the purpose of maintaining prices at a high level and restricting competition.

51
Q

What is hydraulic fracturing? Where have “fraccidents” happened in the US?

A

forcing open of fissures in subterranean rocks by introducing liquid at high pressure, especially to extract oil or gas. Texas, West Virginia

52
Q

What led to the US energy crisis of 1973?

A

1

53
Q

What country is known for its use of ethanol to power cars?

A

Brazil

AP March 9 Test (3 decks)

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