AP March 9 Test Flashcards
What does GII stand for?
Gender Inequality Index
Historically, where was the industrial heartland of the U.S.?
The North
What is break-of-bulk?
Goods change the way they are transported(Air to Ship)
What form of transportation is the quickest and most expensive?
Air
Where are most right-to-work states?
U.S. South and West
What is bulk-reducing industry?
when out-going products weigh less or cost less than incoming resources
What is a single market industry?
products sold in one location or to a small group of industries
IN the US & Europe, what is industry shifting towards?
Cars, Textiles
What are maquiladoras? Where are they? Who owns them?
Countries own companies with factories in other countries, on the us and mexico border, US
What is a secondary economic activity?
portion of the economy that is concerned with receiving raw materials and transforming them into serviceable items, properties or other goods
Businesses that don’t take into account location are known as what industry?
1
Where are maquiladoras found? What country and what region of that country?
on the border of the US and Mexico
What is the cheapest and slowest form of transportation?
Ship
What is lean production? What are pros? Cons?
elimination of waste within a manufacturing system
saves money and time
unbalanced economy
What is mass production? What are pros? Cons?
the manufacture of large quantities of standardized products
Less Labor Costs, Fast Production Rate
wasted resources, no assurance
What is bulk-gaining industry?
when out going products weigh more or cost more than incoming resources
What is cottage industry?
business or manufacturing activity carried on in a person’s home.
What is the World System Theory?
an approach to world history and social change that suggests there is a world economic system in which some countries benefit while others are exploited
What is GNI?
gross national income(GNI) is the total domestic and foreign output claimed by residents of a country
What is the tertiary sector of the economy?
provisions of goods and services to people
What is the primary economic sector?
activities that directly extract materials from the earth
What resources does the US, Russia and Saudi Arabia dominate production of?
Oil
What is the footloose industry?
industry that can be located anywhere
What does just in time delivery reduce?
waste
Where do primary and secondary economic activities take place? Tertiary?
Primary: Where natural resources are located
Secondary: where manufacturing takes place
Tertiary: Where services take place
What process allowed Silicon Valley and the Research Triangle to develop?
Break-of-bulk point
Where are good produced in maquiladoras sold?
In the US
What are the four levels of HDI?
Developed, High, medium, low
What region of the US is experiencing deindustrialization?
North
What is the New International Division of Labor?
The term was coined by theorists seeking to explain the spatial shift of manufacturing industries from advanced capitalist countries to developing countries
How were goods produced prior to the Industrial Revolution?
manufacturing was often done in people’s homes, using hand tools or basic machines
What are EPZs? Where are they found?
export-processing zone (EPZ) set up generally in developing countries
What is driving deindustrialization?
removal or reduction of industrial capacity or activity in a country or region, spreading of industrialization into others areas while it leaves the main area
What assumptions does rostow takeoff model make?
countries want to modernize and grow
What is the Brandt Line?
an invisible line across the world that divides the rich north from the poor south.
What factors have led to the expansion of maquiladoras and other EPZs?
More developing countries encouraging trade and other exports
Where was the first, second and third worlds?
First world- Developed countries
Second world-Developing countries
Third world- all the other countries
What is the most fuel efficient method of transportation?
Train
What three traits do most just in time delivered goods share?
Reduce waste, reduce time, saves money
What is a right-to-work state?
laws prohibit agreements between employers and labor unions
What are the Asian Tigers?
Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan.
What type of manufacturing are traditional assembly lines?
Fordism
What is a backwash effect example?
the influence that a test has on the way students are taught
What is foreign direct investment?
an investment made by a company or individual in one country in business interests in another country
What is austerity?
To revive the economy government sharply reduces taxes and severely cuts government spending.
What is fair trade?
Policies that favor oversight of foreign direct investment and outsourcing to ensure that workers throughout the world are guaranteed a living wage for their work
What are the UN Millennium Goals? What do they all attempt to do?
Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Achieve universal primary education
Promote gender equality and empower women
Reduce child mortality
Improve maternal health
Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
Ensure environmental sustainability
Develop a global partnership for development
Help the world
What is another name for a “mom and pop store?”
General store
When a company control all, or most, of the means of harvest, move and sell of a good?
1
What is a cartel?
an association of manufacturers or suppliers with the purpose of maintaining prices at a high level and restricting competition.
What is hydraulic fracturing? Where have “fraccidents” happened in the US?
forcing open of fissures in subterranean rocks by introducing liquid at high pressure, especially to extract oil or gas. Texas, West Virginia
What led to the US energy crisis of 1973?
1
What country is known for its use of ethanol to power cars?
Brazil
