Ap Language Notes 1-20 Flashcards
a short, simple narrative of an incident, often used for humorous effect to make a point
anecdote
writing that attempts to prove the validity of a point of view or an idea by presenting “reasoned” arguments; persuasive writing is a form of argumentation and is the focus of the Ap Language and Composition program
argumentation
an extended narrative of an incident in prose or verse in which characters, events, and settings represent abstract qualities and in which the writers intends a second meaning to be read beneath the surface of the story; the underlying meaning many be moral, religious, political, social or satiric
allegory
explanatory notes added to a text to explain, cite sources, or give bibliographic data. In AP Language, you will need to demonstrate DETAILED annotation on most of your headings
annotation
the presentation of two contrasting images. The ideas are balanced by word, phrase, clause, or paragraphs. “to be or not to be” “ask not what your country can do for you but what you can do for your country”
antithesis
the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques. This the CORE of AP Language Program
rhetoric
a word of phrase (including slang) used in everyday conversation and informational writing but that is often inappropriate in formal writing. Ex: “y’all” “ain’t” “can’t” “somthin’”
colloquialism
words suggesting implied meaning because of its association in the reader’s mind. opposite of denotation
connotation
repetition of identical consonant sounds written two or more words in close proximity. Ex: boot/beat/best/brag or even compound words: fulfill, ping-pong
consonance
descriptive writing that greatly exaggerates a specific feature of a person’s appearance or a facet of personality
caricature
the “quality” of a piece of writing in which all the parts contribute to the development of the central idea/theme or the organizing principle
coherence
a short, often witty, statement of a principle or truth about life. Benjamin Franklin was somewhat famous for these in “Poor Richards Almanac” e.g “The early bird gets the worm.”
aphorism
usually in poetry, but sometimes in prose: the device of calling out to an imaginary, dead, or absent person to a place, thing, or personified abstraction
apostrophe
also referred to as DISSONANCE.. hard, awkward, or distant sounds used deliberately in poetry or prose. opposite of EUPHONY
cacophony
- how a word makes you feel when you read it in literature, the emotions behind it and why it was used there
- the dictionary definition for a word and what exactly it means
- connotation
- denotation
a rhetorical devise used for listing details or a process of mentioning words in phrases step by step. In fact, it is a type of amplification or division in which the subject is further distributed into components or parts. Writers use this to clarify and detail understanding
enumeration
a comparison in which an idea or a thing is compared to another that is quite different from it. it aims at explaining that area of thing by comparing it to something that is familiar. Ex: “structure of an atom is like a solar system. Nucleus is the sun and the electrons are the planets revolving around the sun”
analogy
the use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same; or similar in their construction, sound, and meaning or meter. examples are found in literary works as well as ordinary conversations
parallelism
a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing, or idea of historical, cultural, literary, or political significants. it does not describe in detail the person or thing to which it refers. it is just a passing comment and the writer expects the reader to have enough knowledge to spot it and grasp its importance
allusion
a figure of speech that replaces the name of a thing with the name of something else with which it is closely associated. we can come across examples of this in both literature and everyday life. do not confuse this with a metaphor as it does not create a comparison.
Ex: “ I’m might glad Georgia waited til after Christmas before it secedes because it would have ruined the Christmas parties.”
metonymy
